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THE 
MI811EAD RECORD 



OR 



THE DELUGE AND ITS C^USE 






SAAC NEWTON VAIL 



K^^ 



COMPLETE WORKS 




BY 

Prof, Isaac NewtqnVmT^ 

When Prof. Yail passed away, i'n • Jaiiuaty',^ 
1 912, a few of these published' works were 
t?till unsold. They will, undoubtedly increases 
in value as they become more Widely known. 

We have been . fbrtunate iu ^seeuiin^ the** 
balance of these editions; and are t^ble to offer 
thera at a much lower price %an they could 
be repvintecl for at the present day. Only dt 
limited number^ and it is hardly likely that 
any of theni" w^ill be republished, (except, pei**- 
haps, one or two of the smaller pamphlets- 
entirely out of p^-irit.) But even if the demand 
^should ' justify repubiica^tion, . the booklover 
knows ttie increasing value of first editions. 

The Earth's Annular System. The fall 
oL' the canopy, and the influence on ge- 
ology, and-- the glacial epochs, a clear * 
analysis of the World Record; 500^.pages; * 
illustr^ied; cloth; (by fnaSl -20"^ ' cents 
extra- .: ..: A..^-.... $3iOO 

The HeaVena^und Earth of Prehistoric '. 

Man'^Only a limited numbeY- left)...., .^5 

Tl^e Misread, Record of the Delugej..,.. -r-r7;> 

Alaska, Lrand of the -Nugget, Why ?.,....^..:;. -^5 

Eden's Flaming Swords ^....:.. ^ .50 

Theyf^ost Eake.N(01d theories refuted) * .50 

Ophir's Go|den Wedged (A Polar puzzle).. .50 

Aw^aiting publication-: '*^. The Coal , Problem. 
Out of print and beinii^'revisf^rl hv the daughter 
(►r Pi.Qf..Vail. 

The simplex" PUBLISHING CO. 

Box 595, "Seatye, Wa«h. 



THE MISREAD RECORD 



OR 



THE DELUGE AND ITS CAUSE 



Being an explanation of the Annular Theory 
of the formation of the earth, with special 
reference to the flood and the le^^ends and folk 
lore of ancient races. 



By Isaac Newton Vail 



Ai riion Oh' 

The Earth's Annular System 

Alaska, Land of the Nugget, Why? 

Eden's Flaming Sword 

The Heavens and Earth of Prehistoric Man 

etc., etc. 

(SECOND, AND REVISED EDITION) 



TjHE SljVipbEX pUBblSjHIJM© 60. 
Box 595 

SEATTLE, WASH- 






Prof. Isaac Newton Vail 




0EG3I 1921 



THE EOUITIST PRESS. RKY VIEW. WASH. 



©CU654056 



l! 



.^ 



vB 



INTRODUCTION 






We, the daughters of Isaac Newton \'ail, fed that 
the time is now opportune for again placin.e: this little 
book before the public. 

As the years ha\'e passed since the death of our dear 
father the realizaiion of the greatness of his work has 
grown upon us, and the study of it has become more 
fascinating. It is with the deepest satisfacflion that 
we sec the Annular Theory gaining more and more 
recognition, so that students of geologs' in some of 
our largest universities now have the opportunity of 
studying it along with other geological theories. 

In the year 1905 Dr. Herbert A. Parky n of Chicago 
. published the matter contained in this book under the 
title, "The Deluge and ItsCau.se". That edition hav- 
ing been exhausted, we now present the same material, 
wnth revisions and correcflions, under the title, "The 
Misread Record." 

The present edition has been made possible by the ed- 
itor of The Equitist, W. E.Brokaw, who has been for 
tw^enty years a student of Annular Evolution and was 
a personal friend of its author. For itiop^t hail Ihiee 
years The Equitist hascarri.ed adepartmehtdeypted to 
this subject, and the present volume, printed first as a 
serial in this journal, is now made up from the same 



type. To Mr. Brokaw nnd his assisant, Vnughn Bacli- 
nian Brokaw, we are indebted for the work of this pub- 
lication, and to Mr. A. E. Partridge, of the Simplex 
Publishing Co., of Seattle, Wash., for financial aid. 

This particular work was chosen from among sever- 
al others for publication at this time because it is con- 
cise, and yet sufficiently comprehensive to give theav- 
erage reader a general understanding of the Annular 
Theory. Other volumes treat the various phasesof the 
subjed: more in detail, and as several of them are now 
out of print, among them "The Great Red Dragon,'* 
"Ophir's Golden Wedge," and the "Coal Problem,'/ 
these will probably be published later, as there seems 
to be demand fur them. 

Alick Vail Holloway 
LrYDIA C. Vaii. 

Pasadena, Cnl, 

July 31, 1921 



The **Word'' originally had no metaphysical import, as used 
in the oldest writing. The *'Word, " in its original enuncia- 
tion, was celestial utterance. The rainbow is full of utterance; 
so is the cyclone ; and if the bow could come in a thousand forms 
and features it would have a thousand expressions to add to 
the list of WORDS no>y in use, and which to a vast extent were 
derived from the sky. We meet with the Vedie **Word of Va- 
runa, '' the Avestan **Word of Ahura, " the Grecian **Word of 
Zeus," and the Hebrew * 'Word of Jehovah," all uttered by 
CANOPIED SKIES.— Isaac Newton Vail 



INDEX 



Prof. Isanc Newton \^ail 

Iiitroduclion 

The Deluge . 

The Molten Karth . 

The Testimony 

The Canopy . . 

Its Naturalness 

Geologic Cano[)ies . 

Change of Oceans . 

Old Tropic Conditions 

The Glacial Epochs 

Ar(5lic Mammals 

Witnesses from Beds of Fossil Tliot 

The Antedihivian Heavens 
Japanese Testimoiu^ 
The Vedas of x\ncient India 
The Ancient Greek Heaven 
The Roman Heaven 
Scandinavian Thot 
The Serpent or Dragon . 
The Inevitable Result 
Oceanic Augmentation 
The Hebrew Skies 



2 
3 

7 
9 
12 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
1.^ 

24 

24 

27 
30 
oZ 

35 

37 
?^1 
3S 
39 



The Shamayim of Heaven 

Waters Above the Firmament 

He Made the Stars Also 

The Great Lights 

The Polar vSky OpeniiiR 

The Eden Earth 

A Rainless World . 

Change of Deity Names 

Man's Great Longevity . 

The Grand Intent . 

The Great Deep 

Some Other Deep , 

The Rainbow 

Man's New Environment 

A Nightless Age 

The Postdiluvian Wind 

The Waters -Above the Earth 

Telescopic View of Vapor Canopy on Jupiter 



40 
41 
43 
43 
44 
46 
47 
49 
51 
53 
55 
57 
62 
65 
66 
74 
77 
78 



APPENDIX I 

Human Longevity Reduced . 

The Conclusion 

Note . . . . 



79 

84 



APPENDIX II 

A Brief Biographical Sketch of Prof. I. N. Vail 85 



THE MISREAD RECORD 

A S01.UT10N THAT Solves a Thousand Prob- 

LKMS. — A Catastrophe seen from 

THE Standpoint of Law. 

I have been deeply interested in the recent discussion 
of the Deluge problem, from the perilous standpoint of 
miraculous intervention, as taken by one of the most 
competent advocates of that school, who has presented 
some quieting assurances that in very modern geologic 
times, a terrific sweep of waves has involved all the 
northern and northwestern slopes of the Asiatic conti- 
nent. As the years go by the Deluge asserts its im- 
mortality, as an old-time memorial. In consideration 
of the fa(5t that it has been discussed from almost every 
conceivable standpoint, I will venture to offer some- 
thing new on the subjedl. 

As far back as the summer of 18741 published a little 
volume to show that the Deluge occurred as a philo- 
sophic necessity, arising from a world-condition that 
no longer obtains. In that work it was maintained that 
a vast cloud-canopy of primitive earth-vapors, such as now en 
velop the planets Jupiter and Saturn, lingered as a re- 
volving deluge-source, in the skies of antediluvian man, 
— a source of primeval rains, snows and hail, compe- 
tent to produce all the floods, and all the Glacial Epochs 
the earth ever saw, and that this last fall of those pri- 
mordial waters deepened the oceans many fathoms. 

More than a quarter of a century has passed since 
this canopy theory was launched upon the sea of un- 
certainty, and it has been a soince of deep satisfaction 
to find that today such men as the younger Winchell 
can say that the ''Earth's vapors must have lingered 
on high much laterthan has been supposed," and that 



he '*has no objection to their presence even down to 
recent geologic times." (I have not asked Professor 
WinchelTs permission to n^ake this statetnent of his 
public.) 

In this attempt I want to reaffirm the certainty that 
primitive man saw the last remnants of the Eartli's 
Annular System revolving over him as a great world- 
roof of watery vapors, and that it involved him in a 
world-environment necessarily Kdenicin chara(5ter,and 
catastrophic in its close, and that the narrative of the 
flood is a simple and truthful account of the fall of that 
** upper Deep" of waters, as the memory of surviving 
humanity deposed. 

When we turn our telescopes to the skies we find two 
giant planets, and perhaps others, still involved in a- 
queous clouds, adequate to deluge a world like ours 
from pole to pole; and all I ask is that thinkers admit 
that our world closed its Neptunic career in accord 
with inexorable law thousands of years after man came 
upon the scene. There certainly can be no philosophic 
objecflion to lingering canopies of tellurio-cosmic wa- 
ters, as such a world-roof is absolutely essential to make 
an Eden on Earth, as a birth place and kindergarten 
for the infant race of men. If such a claim be conceded, 
then we shall have to admit that the Earth had a Saturn- 
like annular system, or at least a Jupiter-like canopyy all thru 
geologic time, as a most competent world-builder and 
desolator. 

The remarkable persistency with which the memorials 
of a flood have lived in human thot, as the ages rolled 
on, is a fa(5t of momentous import. Not alone have the 
echoes of a terrible world-catastrophe been preserved 
and transmitted to us thru the ancient Semitic races, in 
substantial and circumstantial detail. Hundreds of 



years, it may be hundreds of centuries, before the h,is- 
toric ])irth of the Hebrew people, a record of the sweep- 
ing cataclvsm was made on clav tablets, and kept in 
imperishable stone, in the childlike simplicity of a 
primitive tongue, and buried for more than four thou- 
sand years from the gaze of man. Kven before thev 
were hidden by the dust of centuries, the nature of that 
visitation had becorne so clouded by the mists of time 
tliat these annals of a hoary past show by their very 
diction that the theme of the Deluge was then old, and 
of oblivious import. 

There is, however, a citadel of testimony to be found 
in the deluge narratives in the true interpretation of 
statements that have, as I think, been altogether mis- 
understood because we are not familiar with those world- 
conditions wdiich made a deluge not only a poss-ible, 
but a necessary thing. I sav necessary because we all 
know that all our oceans had to fall from the skies. For, 
all the mighty waters that now w^ash the world's trem- 
bling coasts were sent as high as the inveterate heat of 
the igneous earth could urge them, and it nqw devolves 
upon the thinker to tell how, and when, they came back. 
The Molten Earth 

It is not necessary for me to go into the world's high 
court to prove that this planet was once in a state of 
igneous fusion. The physicist, and even the ordinary 
man of thot, know very vi'ell that if any question in 
physics has been settled by the logic of indudlive sci- 
ence, it is the fa(5l that our planet was once in a mol- 
ten state. There was a time when the earth shone 
out as a scintillating star. The only clouds that then 
floated were fireborn mineral and metallic sublimations, 
from oceans of tossing lava and leaping flame. Where 
were our oceans of water then? I need not bring tes- 
timony to prove to any intelligent audience that those 

9 



waters floated as a measureless ocean of vapors on the 
very outskirts of the molten spliere. 

When the geologist finds a "lost rock" — a great 
boulder lying far out on the plain, he knows that h\r 
some transporting medium it has been carried from its 
original home, and it is i^ossible to follow the track of 
the wanderer back to its native site. And he is not 
much of a geologist who does not know that not onlv 
rocks, but vast beds, of continental dimensions have 
been built by materials carried from afar; but how many 
of us refledl when we see a pond, a lake, a sea, or an 
ocean, that everv drop of it was formed in the world's 
great laboratory of implacable flames and driven to the 
lofty skies? Here is something also brot from afar; 
and as intelligent investigators we must trace the wa- 
ters. back to their original home. They have come from 
the telluric heavens and we want to know how they came 
back. We now have to admit that during an immeas- 
urable lapse of time the young earth was surrounded 
by a vast ocean of waiery vapors, which were compe- 
tent in th^ir fall to deluge the earth a hundred times; 
yes, a thousand times. 

Is it an impossible thot, then, that some of that vast 
primordial ocean lingered on high and fell after man in- 
habited the earth? I know it is said that when the earth 
cooled the waters fell, and thus far we can all agree 
and stand on the same rock foundation of admitted fa(5l. 
Here, too, is the prolific source of variant thot. Geol- 
ogists generally have maintained that this great world- 
fund of waters fell back to the earth immediately after 
it cooled, and that even the oceans rolled over the solid 
planet as they do today when it was yet hot and seeth- 
ing, and that they were driven back to the skies again 
and again. 

I must say that I cannot view it that w^ay, and am 

10 



forced to part company here with the ^reat school of 
geolo<jical scholars. I believe it is niatheniatically and 
mechanically demonstraljle that a very small portion ot 
tht^ earth's fire-formed waters came back in that early 
age. The logic of cloqut^nt facts crowding to tt^stity 
before the world's great jtiry shows that the waters- 
vapors driven from the world furnace were eventually 
made to levolve \ou^ 'd^ s. Sal urn-like ring system. This be- 
ing true, those vapoi s could not fall except in a progress- 
ive decline, lasting thru immeasurable ages. Scientific 
men aftirm that our moon is falling to the earth, but (hat 
the final collapse is in the wind-up of unknown ages to 
come. Rings cannot fall diredfly to the eartii, so long 
as they have a revolving movement, any more than its 
moon, but must linger as great cloud-belts or bands such 
a.^ we see today in the firmament of the planet Jupiter, 
Here is a first class opportunity for the formation of 
very opposite schools of thot. The old school sees the 
vapors return as hot and steaming waters to the earth, 
and begin their eternal round of destrudlive and con • 
strucfi\e processes. The new school of annular stu- 
dents sees a vast amount of the primitive vapors in a 
ring system, which rlrops them in the fullness of time, 
as great Jupiter-like clouds upon the earth. The old 
school sees a vast dovvn-iushof waters in archsen time. 
The new school sees that fund of waters carried away 
down the flood of time and dropped in grand install- 
ments all along the "ages'\ In fadt, each grand install- 
ment is credited with the task of making one of the ages, 
and the Deluge of Noah is made the last installment. 
Kach installment brot down from the lofty skies an 
addition to the ocean; and with a vast amount of other 
tellurio-cosmic matter, made large additions to the 
eai Ill's strata. 

11 



It iswillinRly left to the world's jury to compare the 
two views, and this brings me at once to the task of 
showing the annular side of the problem. 
Thk Testimony 

It is difficult for any one to find a competent cause 
in the formation of Ages if w^e do not delegate the of- 
fice to annular installments. What closed the Cam- 
brian age and made the broad outlines of the Huronian? 
What closed the Huronian and ushered, in succession, 
a new environment stamped in unmistakable chara<5lers 
in the Silurian? Refuse to give ring installments the 
credit, by giving additions to the oceans, and the old 
school is compelled to doubt the existence of 'ujeologic 
ages,'' I have never yet heard of an attempt to explain 
why ages **cameand went." Why, in the roll of ages, 
earth leaped again and again from a lower to a higher 
plane. I state it as the convi(5tion from a life of close 
study, that if the waters had all fallen immediately af- 
ter the earth cooled, there could have been but one age 
after that; and that this succession of ages is evidence 
of the consecutive fall of rings. 

The Canopy 

This annular theory necessarily leads to the conclu- 
sion that in the gradual and progressive decline of rings, 
canopies must result, and "Deluges" must result from 
the gradual collapse of canopies. Rings must decline, 
of course, into the equatorial atmosphere of a planet. 
The centrifugal motion of the rotating earth, with its 
resisting atmosphere, would resist the downward move- 
ment of such vapors, which would seek to fall toward 
the point or points of least resistance. Kvery one will 
concede that the poles of the planet are such points. 
Hence it must be admitted that ring vapors must float 
from the equatorial to the polar heavens, and owing 



12 



to the excessive slowness of the fall of all revolving 
matter, a canopy must become a cloud satellite to its 
primary world, and it is my care to prove that the infmU 
race of men saw such a canopy of ivalery vapors move frcnn the 
equator to the poles, while it revolved about the earth, and finally 
saw it break from its celestial fastenings and desolate the planet. 

Its Naturalness 
Is there anything unnatural or strained, so far, in 
this presentation of a deluge source? The old school 
complain bitterly when an effort is made to shorten the 
timt- they want for the evolution of earth, and wdiy, in 
this most stupendous contracl of world-building, they 
allow so short a time for the oceans to fall, and hurry 
them back to the earth, is only one of many incongru- 
ities. Here I must digress far enuf to explain that in 
any effort to exploit the canopy origin of the flood we 
must not divorce it from a competent physical cause, 
nor from essential world-conditions. The Deluge must 
be treated from the standpoint of geological causes and; 
as one of the grand stepping stones leading from one 
age to another — out of one world-condition to another. 
Had the flood of Noah been of such stupendous magni- 
tude and severity as some of those which marked grand 
world-revolutions of geologic time, such as buried in 
one vast graveyard the Tertiary dead, we would today 
have seen the result in the immortal impress of a dying 
world-stage on the pages of time. In this instance it 
has not left so much of a rock record as it has a record 
preserved in ilm fossil beds of that. The Deluge was a 
weak and expiring effort of old conditions. Decrepit 
causes in world e\olution were ending their long career. 
This of course predicates that the last of earth rings, 
as geologic agents in world-making, had so far descended 
as lo make a universal world-roof over this planet. 

13 



Such a vapor roof would be, as any one can see, a 
universal watery heaven instead of a starry heaven. It 
forces us to concede that the skies of antediluvian man 
were preparing" for an inevitable world baptism, a des- 
olating flood-plunge in medial latitudes, and vast snow- 
avalanches in polar lands. I think we can say with the 
utmost confidence and sincerity that such a preparation 
may have been made right in the line of old and de- 
crepit world-causes. This is all we need for the pres- 
ent, and premising this flood cause and source, no man 
can limit its capacity as an earth desolator. With thus 
much of a running argument we come more directly in 
contadl with primitive Testimony. 

Gkologic Canopies 

As I have intimated, we must now take a backward 
glance at some of the monumental witnesses left in the 
grand march of time. I want to note how something 
very like a vapor canopy has left its wavmarks all up 
and down the flood of the ''AgesJ' Tho it may be difficult 
to point out any definite or firm outlinesor boundaries 
separating ages, this does not in the least militate a- 
gainst the well established fadl that an a6tual rtcord oi 
"ages" exists, and that they had some all competent 
differentialing cause. 

A vapor roof arching the heavens, as all will admit, 
must make corresponding world-conditions; and it nec- 
essarily follows that in the collapse of such a world- 
regulator, those conditions would be brot to an end, and 
other conditions made to succeed them. Do we find 
this succession of conditions as we trace the geologic 
record? If we do, what was their cause? Has the old 
school geologist ever explained them to the inquiring 
pupil? Now let us see it we cannot show that condi- 
tions came and went as canopies came and went. 



Change of Oceans 

This supposition is abundantly fortified b3' the fadt, 
admitted on all hands, that those world-conditions 
changed , as the oceanic waters changed their conditions. 
The very general changes in ocean life— changes in the 
ocean fauna in all parts of the world on the same geo- 
logical horizon, are all the evidence we need to show 
that the charadler of the ocean's waters was universal- 
ly changed, again and again. 

This may not be altogether convincing that vast can- 
opy-falls changed the waters, but the unerring finger 
of philosophic world evolution points that way. 

How could the present life in the ocean undergo a 
visible chang^e without a corresponding change in the 
condition of the waters? The ocean fauna has arisen 
from plane to plane many times. A change in oceanic 
waters necessitates an addition of waters; and an addition 
must come only from on high, and we are simply com- 
pelled to concede that the successive changes that show 
how life was built on life in the geologic ages came by 
watery additions from vast celestial sources. I say the 
index finger of Time points to the Earth's Ring Sys- 
tem, and the inevitable fall of canopy-waters. Thus 
the Noachian flood-source appears on the rational hori- 
zon. Canopy w^aters lingering much later than Archaen 
time come immediately to the witness stand. 

This reciprocal* relationship of canopy to ocean-life 
and world-condition is of supreme importance. If we 
should critically examine every age, note the old life 
forms that have died, and the new conditions and life 
of the ancient seas, we should see each and every age 
characterized by aug^mented waters. If we could dete(5l 
ten thousand such changes, the canopy of supra-aerial 
waters would simply testify ten thousand times to their 
competency as flood makers. 

15 



Old Tropic Condition 

Another well established fa(5l, prominently etnblnzoned 
on the pages of the geologic past, is that of tropic or 
green house conditions scattered all along the ages. It 
is not needful that I should lengthen this discussion bv 
interpolating physical testimony to prove that a vapor 
canopy must impose tropic or hot-house conditions up- 
on the earth. Any one competent to handle and read 
the philosopher's scales, knows that such a world-cov- 
ering and protestor would eventually banish every ves- 
tige of winter from the earth, and produce one long- 
continued summer time even to the poles. Hovv many 
times the earth of the geologic past has thus entered 
Edenic conditions we cannot sa3% but there is one thing 
we can sav positively — that it has passed thru green- 
house conditions again and again; and that again and 
again such tropic scenes have ended. We all know that to- 
day the earth holds buried in its rocky bosom the elo- 
quent records of abounding tropic life, and that it is 
painfully admitted on all hands that in their efforts to 
fathom this mystery the stoutest scientific minds have 
been stranded for nearly a century. We must find an 
adequate physical cause for these great world stages. 
I know not how many people have attempted to ac- 
count for them by the inevitable return of the primeval 
vapors to the earth, in the line of canopy evolution; 
but I do know that this most competent explanation 
has been struggling toward recognition for more than 
a quarter of a century. 

Let us imagine a great ocean of vapors sent to the 
heavens from the molten earth, and there divided and 
subdivided into annular seflions, each se(?tion coming 
down into the atmosphere in its own fulness of time, 
and spreading as a vapor canopy from the equator to 

16 



the poles. Each time, as each installment reached the 
atmosphere in its fall, it would simply force the earth in- 
to tropic conditions, and keep it in those conditions, it 
may be, for millions of years. Could inventive Nature 
contrive a more efficient scheme for producing those 
garden scenes that meet our gaze all thru the carbon- 
iferous a^e? Look at the interminable jungles of that 
era. It seems to me we cannot fail to see that the prim- 
itive, sooty, carbon-laden vapors which went up in the 
molten era, had returned to make a carbonaceous world - 
environment for the installation of that abounding 
growth of vegetation. We cannot satisfa(?torily account 
for the vast deposits o^ carbonaceous matter^ without 
the innovation of a carbonaceous environment by the 
return of sooty carbon as vegetable food for the planl- 
w^orld, by which the air, earth, and seas became charged 
with the very elements that installed exuberant vege- 
table life. This primitive carbon element sent up from 
the molten earth, and the vegetable growth it impelled, 
under hot house conditions, lie buried today in the 
coal-measures of the world. 

The remarkable deposits of this carbon, filled with 
vegetation, more abundant in the regions toward the 
poles, where, as I have stated, canopies must decline, 
and the more remarkable fa<5l of the utter absence so 
far as we know of vegetable coals in the equatorical 
earth — the verv home of vegetation in all ages, forces 
the resistless convi(!ition upon me, that canopies and 
canopy down-falls made the ages, and the Deluge canopy 
becomes more and more probable. 

The Glaciai. Epochs 

The most puzzling pidlure of the '*ages" is the sud- 
den and sullen reign of death in the very empire of a- 
bundant life — the deadly march of continental glaciers 

17 



over the ruins of a tropic world. Has the mystery no 
solution? That periods of tropic growth and abound- 
ing animal life have ended in excessive cold is a fadt so 
fully established that no one now attempts to oainsay 
it, and it is a humiliation to the old school geologists 
to have to admit that they here have met a stumbling 
blockwhich they can neither climb over nor circumvent. 
Then, too, some of those warm periods have so sud- 
denly closed, that summer isa<5lually found in the icy 
grasp of inveterate winter. It would seem that nature 
had done all it could do to block the old path, and turn 
the thinker's eyes toward canopy evolution. Here the 
lingering canopy assumes stalwart pretensions. 

The same vapor world-roof which made a tropic earth 
from pole to pole sw^arming with living forms, before 
the canopy fell, changed those conditions as it fell, and we 
have an opportunity to estimate its suddenness and ef- 
ficiency. A canopy of primitive vapors, as before stattrd , 
must fall largely in polar lands, and fall there as im- 
measurable reaches of snow; and such a fall must have 
sent the chill of winter and death into the very midst 
of summer life. It is very plain that if supra-serial va- 
pors could make a hot-house world, those same vapors 
in their final collapse must have buried all but theme- 
dial latitudes in a snowy grave, and we have the most 
overtowering testimony that some of those tropic peri- 
ods ended in the stern rigors of ivinter. 

Arctic Mammals 
Immediately prior to one of the great ice periods the 
woolly rhinoceros and hairy mammoth, and their con- 
geners, luxuriated in pastures, at least semi-tropic, un- 
der the ard\ic circle. Today they are entombed in ice 
and frozen earth on the very spot they lived. When 
we recall the fa<5l that we can place no limit to canopy 

18 



snows, we can readily understand why these liu^e quad- 
rupeds are sealed aw^ay in the eternal glacier. Glaciers 
are formed of snow^s, and the icy piles that contain their 
dead must have been at one time measureless snow-falls 
which filled the valleys and over-topped the mountains. 

The mammoth has been found in many places in the 
frozen world in such condition as to leave no doubt 
that it was suddenly overtaken on its forage groui^d, and 
buried on the spot in unknown depths of snow. They 
certainly floundered to their death in a snowy grave. 
That the snows that buried these huge animals fell 
suddenly on a world of pastures, as all-involving ava- 
lanches, should no longer remain in the realm of scien- 
tific controversy. 

Mammoths have been repeatedly found in the ice and 
frozen soil of Siberia and Alaska, with the food in their 
stomachs undigested, the flesh preserved and devoured 
by bears and wolves as they gnawed it from its frozen 
matrix. Their fat has been rendered and used in lamps. 
The very pupil of the eye has been preserved and the 
blood vescicles unaltered. Suddenness is the eloquent 
epitaph inscribed all over the polar graveyard. 

The frozen mammoth found in 1901 in eastern Si- 
beria by Dr. Herz is such an unimpeachable witness of 
the sudden downrush of vast avalanches of canopy 
snows, that I will reproduce here an article on the sub- 
je(5l written by myself and printed in the Scieniific A- 
merican (May 10, 1902): 

"I have read with great interest in your is- 
sue of April 12, the note on the recent discovery of 
the body of a mammoth, in cold storage, by Dr. Herz, 
in the ice bound region of Eastern Siberia. This, it 
seems to me, is more than a *Rosetta Stone' in the path 
of the geologist. It offers the strongest testimony of 



19 



the claim that all the glacial epochs and all the deluo:cs 
the earth ever saw, were caused by the progressive and 
successive decline of primitive earth-vapors, lingering 
about our planet as the cloud vapors of the planets 
Jupiter and Saturn linger about those bodies today. 

"Allow me to suggest to my brother geologists that 
remnants of the terrestrial watery vapors mav have re- 
volved about the earth as a Jupiter-like canopy, even 
down to very recent geologic times. Such vapors must 
fall chiefly in polar lands, thru the channel of least re- 
sistance and greatest attra(5tion, and certainly as vast 
avalanches of tell urio cosmic snows. Then, too, such 
a canopy, or world-roof, must have tempered the cli- 
mate as far as the poles and thus afforded pasturage to 
the mammoth and his congeners of the A r(5lic world- 
making a green-house earth under a green-house roof. 
If this be admitted, we can place no limits to the mag- 
nitude and efficiency of canopy avalanches to desolate 
a world of exuberant life. It seems that Dr. Herz's 
mammoth, like many others found buried in glacier 
ice, with their food undigested in their stomachs, proves 
that it was suddenly overtaken with a crushing fall of 
snow. In this case, with grass in its mouth unmasti- 
cated, it tells an unerring tale of death in a snowy 
grave. If this l)e conceded, we have what may have 
been an all-competent source of glacial snows, and we mav^ 
gladly escape the unphilosophic alternative that the 
earth grew cold in order to get its casement of snow, 
while, as I see it, \t got its snows and then grew cold. 

' 'During the igneous age the oceans went to the skies, 
along with a measureless fund of mineral atid metallic 
sublimations; and if we concede that these vapors 
formed into an annular system and returned during the 
ages in grand installments, some of them lingering even 



down to the age of man, we may explain many things 
that are dark and perplexing today. 

"As far back as 1874 I published some of these thots 
in pamphlet form, and it is with the hope that the 
thinkers of the twentieth century will look after them 
that I again call up the 'Canopy Theory.' " ... 

It is idle to attempt to shun the plain demands of 
falling avalanches in the production of such work as 
this. Such snow^'falls never came from the clouds in 
the atmosphere, and hence we must look for their source 
beyond the atmosphere, in the realm of exterior snow^s. 
For this reason, if for no other, w^e must conclnde that 
the original source of all such snow-falls was the im- 
measureable energy expended in the molten earth, 
whose grand effort w^as to form innumerable sublima- 
tions and send them to the skies. Once there, mechani- 
cal and physical necessity forced them into a ring sys- 
tem which in turn detained them to fall successively 
in the fulness of time. 

We must not lose sight of the facl that it requires a 
great expenditure of heat-force to make snow and ice. Close to 
my home in Pasadena is an artificial ice factory, which 
uses two 40-horse power engines, driven by steam pro- 
duced by the consumption of a vast amount of fuel oil. 
According to the current theory of the cause of glacia- 
tion, the earth is taken away from the influence of the 
sun's heat, to get it covered with snow and ice. Dr. 
CroU and his coadjutors make the furnace do more 
work by diminishing its fires. 

The question is simply this: How^ could the earth's 
molten furnace form the ocean of aqueous vapors and 
send them to the skies without forming a limitless a- 
mount of snow and ice to return some time to the earth? 
So long as physical law holds the helm of order in the 

21 



scheme of nature, it must get its snows first, and then 
j>row cold. This compels us to fall back to the fires of 
the igneous earth for a competent source of energy — 
to the earth's annular system and its canopy, revolving 
in regions of inveterate cold. This conceded, the ge- 
ologist will find a clear field with many a stumbling 
block removed. 

With thus much light on thesubje(5l the Gibraltar of 
"existing causes" falls, aiid we must conclude that the 
glacial epochs and the snow-falls that suddenly termi- 
nated the career of the mammoth in Ar(5lic lands, came 
from a source that does not now exist. Then the source 
of all those terrific deluges has passed away; and we ap- 
proach the problem of the Noachian flood under a pan- 
oply of canopy witnesses, feeling that the ancient source 
of primitive floods "broken up" forever, lingered in 
the heavens and did not cease to exist until it gave the 
human family an ocular demonstration of its compe- 
tency to drown the w^orld. 

From this rock of philosophic reasoning we can look 
back on the geologic past and know for a certainty that 
the continuity of causes fails to explain at a most vital 
stage, and that dying energies, set in routine at the very 
birth of the planet, have left their way-marks as geolo- 
gic guide-posts thru time. We know why the throne 
of implacable winter has been reared again and again 
on the ruins of summer life. We see vapor canopies 
as nature's first refrigerators, and the molten earth as 
the source of energy to place the world again and again 
in cold storage. The Canopy is forever on the witness 
stand to give a philosophic explanation to the glacier 
puzzle. Anchored to the skies as a protedling roof, it 
gave the world its life and its 6Zoom and plunging down 
from its celestial fastenings, it gave it hs winding-sheet of 



snow. Vast remnants of the world-glaciers still hold in 
their grasp the polar lands and their mightv dead. 
The ice fields and their specftral hosts tell the ceaseless 
tale of a liv^ing world crushed under a falling canopy. 

In the Earth's Annular System and its resultant can- 
opies, we seem to have a most satisfacflory accounting, 
not only for the simple succession of ages, but also for 
the prominent charadleristics of the ages. To account 
for a snow-bound world, or an ice-fettered hemisphere, 
where it is plain that semi-tropic animals liJU'e simply 
stepped from the verdure of summer into the grave of 
the glacier, we want to get as far as we can from the 
old school scheme of world giaciation. 

Let us bear in mind that w^e are examining the pos- 
sibilities of conditions in modern geologic times. We 
have brot the fire-formed w^atery heaven from Archaean 
to Glacial times, andwe wmH be pardoned if we cany 
it farther on our way to the home and time of antedi- 
luvian man. As we pass from glacial into inter- and 
post-glacial times we meet with Dana's ragingvvaters; 
* 'floods vast beyond conception ,' ' and we are confronted 
with a problem that the old school can neither climb 
pv^er, nor get around. 

An ice-bound earth, the very snow and ice that brot 
on the rigors of implacable winter still present, and yet 
so warm that the ice-king is hurried from his throne. 
Glaciers are melted down into raging floods. This is 
the pi(5lure of the close of the last great ice age. 

Now, as I see it, a world once placed in cold storage 
would have to stay there if diredl solar heat only should 
undertake to warm the glacier. The solar furnace could 
only add more w^atery vapors, which the very presence 
of snows would precipitate as snows upon a snow field. 
Imagine Alaska's or Greenland's Mer de glace melting 

23 



down into "floods vast beyond conception" by the 
Crollian scheme of a slow return to solar influence! 
Such a thing seems impossible under causes now exist- 
ing. Another vapor canopy is imperatively needed to 
melt an ice continent. We see how such a world-mas- 
ter is competent to make a hot-house climate — a world 
of abounding life. Another canopy came, for the ice 
fields disappeared. The mammoth and other huge 
quadrupeds found genial pastures toward the pole. It 
is said an Eden-world supervened — a garden earth, 
wdierein man dwelt naked. We simply find a frozen 
world changed to a green-house world, and we may 
challenge the old school to bring about such a state of 
afl'airs without canopy aid. 

Witnesses from Beds of Fossil Thot. 
The Antediluvian Heavens 

I will now attempt to prove that in the cradle time 
of man, he actually saw a vapor invested skv, and that 
he has sent immortal records of the facft down to our 
time. So far w^e have been delving among the fossils 
of geologic time. Now, in spite of our prejudices, we 
are to deal in the fossil beds of thot. These beds also have 
a tale to tell. They are unimpeachable witnesses, and 
they are in the world's court today, and forever. Le- 
gend and song, on pillar, and tablet of imperishable 
stone, make the post-glacial canopy a historic fa(5t, for in 
them we find intelligent memorials of a vapor heaven. 
Japanese Testimony 

If we find human records of a vapor heaven in far off 
Japan we cannot think they were invented in ancient 
Armenia, the reputed home of the ark, and w^emay feel 
assured that the child-like race saw some of the last 
remnants of the Earth's Annular System, and w^e shall 
have to admit that, as we approach the time of theDel- 

u 



URe, the probable canopy is raised to\var<l the level of 
certainties. 

The Japanese have their holy bible, the Kojiki, ven- 
erable as containing- the fossil thot coming down from 
the midnight of historic time, and venerated as being 
the immortal record of Heaxen's intercourse with the 
earth. As translated by Chamberlain, the Kojiki makes 
the startling statement t-liat in the childhood of Japan 
the Kami, (»r gods, bi^ot the heavens and the earth very close 
iogethemnd that thesun-gods Izanagi and Izannmi, hav- 
ing established their throne of light on the ''floating 
bridge of heaven,'' ruled the earth from thence. 

Did the author of this statement intend to exploit 
the canopy theory, by calling the heaven a ''floating 
bridge,' ' the home of solar light very close to the earth? 
Izanagi and Izanami, as all (oriental scholars know, were 
sun-born characters, ruling in the sun-god's place, and 
the only meaning we can get is that an illuminated 
canopy close to the earth a(5led as an agent and substi- 
tute o' the sun. When sun-born powers rule the earth 
instead of the sun itself, then the solar orb is held in 
the back-ground, and we shall have to conclude that 
such a thing cannot be utiless a vapor heaven held the 
sun in control. In other words, the Japanese heaven 
was the medium of solar light, and in order to be at 
once a world-controller and a '' floating bridge'' very close to 
the earth, it had to be a vapor canopy. 

The Kojiki further states that in course of time heav- 
en, at first verv close to the earth, ''began to retire, ande- 
ventually passed utterly away/- '*so that communication be- 
tween the earth and the celestial world altogether ceased " 
Now^ I need not tell intelligent thinkers that the only 
heaven that could pass away was a vapor heaven. But 
as if to fix this immortal legend in the galaxy of facets 

25 



the Kojiki tells us further that as this old earth-embracing 
heaven passed away^ the new sun-god, Ninigi, came into power. 
In this, as all can see, a vapor canopy is distincftly and 
emphatically asserted. A new solar power could not 
descend to rule the eaath as an old heaven retired, save 
thru the fall of a sun hiding canopy. 

All this startling information is further supported by 
the statement that w^hen Izanagi and Izanami ruled, 
they made their daughter, Amaterasu, to rule the wide 
expanse of heaven as the regent or goddess of the sun. Now 
Amalerasu means ''Heaven-shine,'' and we cannot avoid 
the conclusion that this shining regent of the sun was a 
shining canopy. The solar light, pouring into the earth 
investing vapors, made that heaven, or canopy, the 
w^orld's illuminator. Amaterasu was the shining heav- 
en, for ''Heaven-shine' ' could be nothing more nor less, 
and the sun could not have a ''regent'' in anv other sense 
than that the true sun was kept in the background, or 
hidden. A sun-regent is a sun-substitute, and we can- 
not get a sun-substitute without placing a vapor heaven, 
or canopy, close to the earth, thus hiding the true heav- 
ens and all their gods. In the very beginning of the 
Kojiki it is asserted that "when the Heaven and Earth 
separated, the three Kami (gods) produced the begin- 
ning of things," that these "Kami were self-made and 
hid their beings." 

What more is needed to show that the fossil beds of 
Japanese thot present the fa<5l that the race in its child- 
hood saw a sun-hiding, ephemeral, vapor heaven? 
Doubting critics may call this evidence mythological, 
but that cannot detract from its meaning. It is the 
genius of fundamental truth that testifies, and we shall 
find as we proceed along thisline that the ancient world 
is all aglow this same shining heaven, as a sun screen. 



If the heaveu of ancient Japan was an ephemeral one, 
close to the earth, then all other lands had the same 
sun hiding canopy. Who wrote the lines: 
"In the morning of the w^orld 
The Earth was nigher Heaven than now." 
The Vkdas of Ancient India 
The Vedas of ancient India are amazing stories of 
canopy thot, and as a tooth or bone from the earth's 
crust tells us the truth of the fossil skeleton, so, too, 
the fossil thots of ancient India bring out the canopy 
in all its primeval glory. Vartina, as all Sanskrit schol- 
ars know, was the primitive heaven of the Vedas. The 
meaning of the name is the ''coverer" or "concealer;" 
or, as some w^ould have it, the '"surrounder". Now. 
what did the Hindu heaven conceal or cover up? The 
only heaven that could hide anything was an ephemeral 
vapor heaven; and the true condition of the \'edic skies 
shines forth in the well known fadl that all thru the 
older Vedas, Varuna constantly poses as the ''regent'' or 
''substitute of the sun." And as I have before said, we 
cannot conceive of a sun-regent without putting the 
solar orb in the background. The \'edic sun, Surya, 
was hidden behind the vapor heaven, \^aruna. 

I here copy from Chamber's Kncyclopaedia: "Orig- 
inally varuna seems to have been conceived as the sun 
ironi the time after his setting to that of its rise.'' What did 
primitive man originally know about the sun after it set, 
and its journey in the underworld? How could Varuna 
a(5t as a regent of the sun from sun-set to sun-rise? In 
short, how did Varuna ever come to be so prominent a 
sun-god if he represented the sun in the under-world? 
The question is solved by putting the sun beyond the 
canopy, out of sight and hidden on high, not in the 
under-world. Varuna could be a sun-regent with the 



solar orb in the upper world and hidden from its going 
to its return. Then Varuna had to shine as a substi- 
tute of the sun, and to make him a regent of the sun 
in the night is an absurditN^. The sun's concealment 
in the upper heaven was readily mistaken by eminent 
scholars for his setting. It is a mistake pregnant with 
abundant error. 

When the "churning" brot on thechange in the ag- 
itated deep, Varuna was no longer a shiner, but Mitra 
came as the ''new born sun.'' This appearance of Mitra 
from his concealment in the upper heavens was mis- 
taken for his rise from the underworld. The facl that 
Varuna lost his power as Mitra came forth, ought to 
settle this problem. 

The etymologists tell us that in the name Varuna the 
root far means "water," and vve learn the iniportant 
truth that Varuna Wcis a watery heaven, and a shining one, 
too, and for this very reason he had to be a coverer, 
and a sun-regent. All Vedic scholars will admit that 
the sun as a power is always made a subaltern in early 
Hindu thot. It is "Varuna regent of Surya," — a sub- 
stitute for the hidden sun, and is constantly made to 
divide his glory and authority with the covering Va- 
runa, and we cannot fail to see that the Vedic heaven 
was one that had to pass away, as that of Japan. True, 
the Vedas do not sav in so many words that the heav- 
ens passed away. Yet from Muir's Sanscrit Texts I 
learn that the idea of the ancient union and subsequent 
separation of Heaven and Earth is to be found in the 
Aitareya-brahmana. These ancient books plainly tell us, 
however, a great many fadls which necessarily prove 
that the Hindu ancient heaven did pass away. They 
tell us that in course of time Varuna ceased to be the "Re- 
gent of the Sun,'' and Mitra, a new luminary, took his place, 

-28 



They tell ns the gods churned the deep, that is, the pri- 
mordial vapors, and "brot forth the bevera^,e that pro- 
duced immortality;" and thev tell us further that this 
churning brot forth the heavenly bodies, as the sun, 
moon, and stars. In other words, the perpetual move- 
ment of the celestial waters brot these bodies fortli as 
immortals. During canopy times everything pertain- 
ing to the canopy was temporal, ephemeral, mortal, 
and illusory. The movement, or churning oj the canopy, 
carried it out of existence; and this was wdiat brot in 
permanent and eternal scenes. So long as the canopv 
lasted, the gods were essentially partakers of the bever- 
age of mortality, since it led to the death of old condi- 
tions. At the very time, however, the celestial vapors 
passed from sight, all the gods, all nature, began to 
partake of the immortals' beverage; in other words, 
the heavens became permanent. 

Furthermore the Veda tells us when Varuna ceased 
to be the regent of the sun he became the"regent of the 
waters." In course of time man learned that the sunlit 
' and shining canopy w^as not the sun or true source of 
light, but the source of waters, and all this is readily 
understood wdien we refledt that during a canopv age it 
could not rain, or at least all such rains as we now have 
were reduced to minima. 

This churning of the primordial waters is a most 
prominent feature in the later Vedas, and it seems no 
explanation hitherto is satisfying. If it brot forth im- 
mortality in place of mortality, and the heavenly bodies 
w^ere producfts of that churning, then a new and im- 
mortal heaven came forth as a successor of a departing 
heaven, and we cannot escape the conclusion that the 
genius of Hindu fossil thot affirms the ancient union 
and subsequent separation of Heaven and Earth — the 

29 



very same thing we find in the night of Japanese thot. 

I find the same fossil witnesses everywhere present 
in the hoary records of China — Karth in Heaven's em- 
brace and their final separation. If we have not here the 
passing of canopies, what can it be? 

The Ancient Greek Heaven 

The Pelasgian Greeks had an ancient deity whom 
they called Ouranos, and Greek scholars know that this 
name is simply "Heaven.'' Now the vvord-dod^ors tell us 
that the name has the Sanscrit element t'ari, which means 
''water," and which is found in Varuna. In short, the 
name makes the ancient Greek Heaven a wattry or va- 
pory expanse, for we cannot concede that Heaven or 
Ouranos could be otherwise linked with the watery ele- 
ment, and we find in the very birth time of Grecian an- 
nals the same water heaven which Japan, China, and 
India had. It begins to look a little suspicious to find 
that so large a part of the human family should haxe 
the idea of water in their word ''heaven." 

But if the Greek heaven was a vapor one, we know 
it must have been an ephemeral one. We know it nuist 
have been very close to the Earth, and that it must have 
passed away, and I count it the most overwhelming 
proof of an antediluvian canopy when the old Greek 
fossil thot tells me that Ouranos was banished from his 
throne and power by old Kronos, his son and successor, 
the God of time. It also tells us, as w^e firid in Hesiod, 
that old Heaven came from some place afar to embrace mothen 
Gae, "Mother Earth,'' and "lay close about her on all sides round." 
If we have not a Japanese heaven here, what can it be? 
This primitive union of Father Heaven and Mother 
Karth is a most prominent feature of the ancient annals 
of Greece, and our inexplicable dullness is the only rea- 
son w^e have not caught the meaning. 



The most primitive Greek annals tell us tliat when 
Ouranos sat on the celestial throne he was warned by 
Thtrmis, the godde^f^ of ancient order, that he "would one 
day lose his empire and be banished by his youngest 
son." Thev also state that Ouranos, in order to pre- 
vent the fulfillment of this prophecy, "drove his sons 
out of the skies, back into the womb of Earth." Now 
how are we to interpret this without canopy aid? Themis 
was the spirit of the ancient trend of events, and we 
can in no wav avoid the conclusion that the Pelasgian 
Greeks knew their heaven would pass away, for it was 
thejrrevocable decree of Supernal Nature. From the 
same old thot record we learn that notwithstanding 
Heaven's precaution, to prevent the fulfillment of the 
prophecy of Themis, he a(5lually did lose his throne 
and was driv^en from power by his son Kronos. What! 
Heaven exiled! If that was not an ephemeral vapor 
heaven, pray tell us what it was. Kronos, the time 
giver, or the time measurer, took the throne of Heaven 
and rided the world in his stead. Did men not meas- 
ure time before? How could they if the sun shone thru 
the medium of a great world-cloud such as the planet 
Jupiter has today? No one could tell the time the sun 
rose or set, and those old annals tell us the Horae or 
hours were not born till after Heaven was dethroned. 
Hyperion was the name of the lightgiver of the Ouranian 
period, but these thot fossils tell us that Helios, the 
Greek Sun, tras born as a light-giver after Heaven was exiled. 
This is a moment(»us statement. 

Here is a co-linking or dovetailing of testimony that 
must eventually shake ''uell established facts/' aud lift old 
foundations. We find an old light-giver pass and a 
new one born as his successor, because an old heaven 
is succeeded by a new one. An old heaven is banished, 

31 



a time-measuring heaven takes the throne, and the 
hours are born. Then again tU^se old Pelasgic records 
tell us that Zeus, the rain-maker smd ihundere7\as the son 
of Kronos, was born after the olicllieaven passed away. 
Now it does not require very deep thinking to see that 
rains and tempests and thunder could not occur prom- 
inently during the existence of a vapor heaven, but 
must have come as a part of the new order, when the 
new heaven and the new sun came into power. The 
sun must shine directly on the earth to keep up the 
eternal movement of serial currents, upon which all 
atmospheric phenomena depend. A great volume might 
be penned here as the testimony of the immortal wit- 
nesses speaking from these ancient records, but I have 
culled enuf of them from the did Greek arcanum, and 
we must pass on to Latin Rome. 

The Roman Heaven 

I know that men have indidled the Latins as * 'bor- 
rowers of the Greeks," but they are innocent of the 
charge. The ancient Romans had their mvn heaven, 
and all the erudition the old school can throw into line 
cannot make it appear that any people or tongue would 
worship exotic gods. Rome's heavenly canopy was 
Japan's ephemeral heaven, and each people and every 
people w^orshipped it as a god, or a manifestation of 
God. Rome's heaven was called Coeiw»», impersonated 
by their most archaic deity Coelm, 

Classic students are well aware of the fa(5t that this 
Latin Coelus, heaven, was banished from power, just 
as the Greek canopy was. Saturn took celestial com- 
mand and established a new order between Heaven and 
Earth, Jwpiier fulgens el ionaris ei pluvius was god of 
lightning, thunder and rain, and was born of this new 
order. Why have we never heard of the thundering 

32 



Coelus, or the thundering Saturn? Because it was not 
and could not be an element of the ancient order, as it 
was of the new. Tiie Lai in records say that this rev-- 
olution in the celestial dynasty of gods was foretold by 
Law, or order of Nauire. How could it hav^e been oth- 
erwise? 

Parallel with Latin Co^/wm runs the archaic word Celo, 
toconceal or hide, to cut off from view, as a ceiling 
hides th.e realm above. Hence the Latin Coelum seems 
to have in its elementary meaning the idea of conceal- 
merit. An idea that could not have originated with any 
primitive people with such a heaven as we have todav. 
Coelum and Celo, I am persuaded, run back to the 
same original celestial root, and here we have tiie in- 
timation that the world^s vapor heaven was humanity's 
primitive word-teacher. 

The testimony of fossil thot thus far, we may say with 
fullest confidence, establishes the fadlthat the heaven 
of infant man \ya^ sm ephemeral vapor expanse that hid the 
true heaven, and with it the truesun, moon and stars. 
We find that the time giver came after the first heaven 
passed away, and the Horae, or hours, and the gods of 
rain and storm and thunder came at a later period. 
We all know that the thunderer was and is a charadler 
of the true sky, and when we find such a charadler born 
after an old heaven was banished, we are forced to ad- 
mit a succession of heavens, and there is no possible 
escape from the reign and fall of canopies. Away back 
in Hindu thot we find thnt Indra, the rain and thunder 
god, came after Varuna' ceased to be "regent of the 
sun," and Mitra, the true sun, came into the heaven; 
and in every race and people where we find the birth 
of the thunderer as a successor of a dethroned or de* 
parted parent, we may rest assured that that parent 

33 



was a watery heaven — a vapor canopy, rt?ir/ a flood-.wnrce: 
I might go on thus thru the ancient literature of 
China, Persia, Egypt, and up among the ancient Kelts» 
Teutons and Scandinavians, and back into ancient Mex- 
ico, Yucatan and Peru, and everywhere wefind the old 
water heaven, once in absolute control; and then exiled 
or forced to yield to a successor. We find the ancient 
heaven represented as a screen. We find the sun con- 
cealed; — a slave or subaltern to an overmastering pow- 
er; you will find the sun finally exalted thru elemental 
confli<5l with Titan and Giairt vapor. Ephemeral pow- 
ers we find elevated to eternal and supernal positions, 
and all a grand physical sequence of the movement of 
fire-born vapors sent to the skies in the molten era. 

I cannot now use the time and space to show how 
the Chinese annals prove that a vapor heaven was 
their great world-master and worshipped as a god. I 
cannot follow the winding of the Avestan literature 
where vapor skies and solar forces are ever in evidence 
as militant foes. The vapors, at first in supreme con- 
trol, holding Mithra,the old Parsii sun, as a subordinate 
power in the background, were finally subdued by the 
ever aggressive forces of light. Then, too, there is A- 
men Ra of the Nile» whose very name means the ''con- 
cealed sunJ' Why did the demonstrative Egyptians put 
a concealed sun in their pantheon? Then there was Can- 
opus (so like our canopy), whose symbols were the.srr- 
pent and the tvaier jm\ who put out the solar fires, so the 
legend goes, by pouring out a flood of water thru holes 
in his body. Typhon, also, was a watery dragon who 
hid Osiris, the sun, and scattered the members of his 
mutilated body all over the heavens. Endless is the 
fund of such canopy memorials, and to follow them 
would take me far afield. 



SCA.NDINAVIAN ThOT 

We have seen how the world canopies moved toward 
the poles. Because they moved thither they lingered 
there longest and last and hence the northern races 
knew their firmament hidden from view long after the 
Greek and Roman saw the new heaven and the new or- 
der. I l^elieve it was K O. Mullerwho first called at- 
tention to the strange fa<5l that in the oldest northern 
annals there is an extreme dearth of astronomical thot, 
and delving into the old fossil beds of the Sagas I have 
not been able to find the faintest allusion to a constel- 
lation nor to any of the prominent stars so constantly 
found in theearlier thot of the southern peoples. What 
can explain it? It means that the northern asterisms 
were unknown to northern eyes, while they were seen 
by the races of southern Europe. This brings Odin, 
worshipped as a god, in immediate conta(5l with the 
lingering vapors of the northworld, and the Scandina- 
vian heaven. I call this god, the Scandinavian heav- 
en, because, as all northern scholars know, he was the 
forerunner and par^n/ of the thunder-god Thor. Because 
he sat in the ''tvorld-tree" which overspread the heaven; 
because there are innumerable witnesses which prove 
that he was an ephemeral covering that concealed the 
sun, moon and stars. Because in the great winding up 
oi canopv scenes, the northern records tell us the so- 
lar forces fot vapor foes on the Bifrost bridge and in the 
midst of the cofli(5l the bridge broke down, 'ihe heaven was 
rem in twain, and the so ns of Muspel came riding thru the open- 
ing in brilliant array.'' Thru the opening the record says 
*'Surt came first, and before and behind flamed burn- 
ing fire." Now Muspel was the sun-lit skies of the 
south, and the sons of Muspel were the sun and the 
other heavenly bodies, and Surt is a well-knowm name 

35 



for the sun, and the legend says, as he came thru tlie 
heav^eiily opening '^he flung fire and flame over the world.'' 

This great conflict was that which at other times was 
waged between the vapor Titans and solar forces of the 
south and which always ended in the installation of the 
thunderer into perpetual dominion and thus it ended 
in the northworld; for, altho the Eddas state that in 
Thor's last combat with the great Midgard Serpent, the 
genius of the celestial deep that engirdled the world » 
the latter was slain by him, he also fell, overwhelmed 
bv the serpent's flood, yet his thunder went as a per- 
petual ''legacy to Thor's sons/' Mode and Mogue, and the 
Eddas say the flames of Surt, the sun, completed the 
overthrow^ of the gods, and his forces swallowed up 
Odin. In other w^ords, as Odin, the ephemeral heav- 
en, passed away the true sun arose to power. 

Men may call these memorials but echoes from the 
darkness of mythology, but I do not care how dark the 
night from which they come, it cannot detradl from 
nor impair their testimony as canopy witnesses. I 
have been told again and again that thecanopy idea is 
w^eak because it is founded on mythology. I can only 
protest that it is not founded on mythology, on the con- 
trary mythology is largely founded on the canopy, fos- 
silized in human thot. The canopy as a w^atery heav- 
en close to the earth existed for untold millions of years 
before a myth ever germinated. The myth as a me- 
morial took root in the canopy's fertile seed-bed and 
grew in canopy soil, and the myth would not exist to- 
day if the canopy had not existed first. 

The canopy theory is strong because the mythic 
growth has arisen from the ashes of an old environ- 
ment, — and the myth thus explained is no longer a 
myth but an eternal witness of truth. Now what in 

36 



the name of reason is the mvth of temporary heavens 
rooted in if not in the canopy? 

The Serpknt or Dragox 

The serpent of all mythology ninst take its place as 
the spirit of the waters and especially of upper waters. 
The Dragon of all peoples and times is but another 
name for the vapor genius or guardian. Canopus of 
Egypt was a serpent or dragon deity. Vishnu, in In- 
dia, floated on the celestial deep ^ on the folds of the serpeiit, 
Typhon was a serpent and hid Osiris in a vapor heav- 
en. Quelzalcoatl, the inythic dragon of Mexico, was 
a celestial water spirit* for the name means the ''bird 
serpent." The serpent or dragon is represented fre- 
quently as a monster swallowing the sun. I have in 
my possession a cast of a tablet found in a cliflf-house 
of southern Colorado which represents the serpent in 
the act of swallowing the sun. For these and many 
other reasons I am compelled to look upon thej^erpent 
and dragon of all peoples as the world's emblem for 
the waters which primitive man saw revolving as a 
Jupiter-like canopy around the earth. The bands, 
belts, and striae of a canopy, from their very form and 
movement, must have forcibly reminded the primitive 
observer of tlie form and motion of a floating serpent; 
and for this very reason the canopy was certaiidy 
symbolized by the serpent or dragon. 

The Inevitable Result 

I thinki have given the most convincing reasons for 
assuming that primitive man saw some of the last rem- 
nants of the Etu'th's Annular System, and that he lived 
for unknow^n time on the earth when the true sky, sun, 
moon and stars were concealed by a fund of waters 
that revolved about the earth, and which spread as a 
canopy from theequator to the poles in its effort to fall. 



After having spent nearly a quarter of a century in a 
rigi'd examination of old world thot in almost every 
land, I think there can not be the least doubt that lin- 
gering remnants of the same vapors that went to the 
skies from the mohen earth, and which fell in grand 
installments of flood and snow all along the ages, con- 
tinued their masterly control of heaven and earth for 
thousands of years after man came upon the scene. 
For further proof let us turn again to geological evi- 
dence. 

Oceanic Augmentation 
In a most recent period something has deepened the 
oceans over the whole earth. We cannot escape the 
conclusion that the ocean forces upon us, as it rolls its 
devouring waters thru inlets and straits and up the riv- 
er deltas of the entire earth. The whole ocean shore, 
so far as the lead and line have explored, asserts, and 
must assert forever, that an old ocean's rim /s today sub- 
merged. Are we to admit the manifest impossibility that 
this ancient coast line of the world has everywhere subsid- 
ed? When did the German ocean secure its modern do- 
main? When did the river-made channels of the east 
Atlantic bed sink to their present level? When did the 
old continent of the mid-Pacific, as shown by coral for- 
mations and the submerged remains of an ancient civ- 
ilization, sink into abyssal depths? Has the entire ocean 
bed sunk? If it has done so, then the fadl that the coast 
line has not retired and drained its thousands of inlets 
and straits belies the fadl. The fadt that we have to- 
day continents of polar ice, made by supra-aenal snows, 
and that ice continents have melted away again and 
again, justifies the thot that, instead of the universal 
sinking of the ocean's bed to such an incredible extent, 
the sea must have increased its volume to avast extent since 
the "ages" began their tread. 

38 



It has been calculated that if the mountains nnd hilln 
were carried to the sea and the earth leveled down u» 
a perfe(5t sphere, the oceans would cover the whole 
planet 'at least fifteen thou->and feet deep. There is, 
then, enuf w^ater now^ on the globe to hav-e made one 
thousand deluges, each sufficient to cover the wliole 
earth fifteen feet deep; or one hundred, each out- of 
which would cover it one hundred and fifty feet deep, 

A rainfall of fifteen feet in the space of forty days, 
in any part of the world today, would cause such a 
desolation that it would never pa^s from the memory 
of man; and such a cataclysm occurring in the child- 
hood of the human family would have been competent 
to give rise to every feature which time has stampt 
in the fossil-beds of thot. We are now prepared to look 
more critically into some of tlie legendarv history of a 
deluge, which has sent its echoes down from a most 
hoary antiquity. 

The Hebrew Skies 

If the canopy theory be true, then all ancient peo- 
ples during some period of their existence saw^ the same 
vapor firmament. Kach ring must have poised forages 
high in the equatorial heavens, and in its progressive 
decline must have yielded secflion after sedlion of fro- 
zen vapors. The atmosphere checked it in its down- 
ward motion, but, because of the constant pressure 
from above, it inevitably became an equatorial belt and 
finally a canopy. Thus canopies came again and a- 
gain, and, so long: as each floated as an independent 
fund of revolving matter in the very outskirts of at- 
tenuated air, became all-competent to load the atmos- 
phere with moisture, and all this gradually descending^ 
into the lower air, gave proof by itsad\ual presence and 
movement, that the heaven of primitive man was a water .^iource. 

39 



It is a well-known fact that the races of men in the 
different parts of the earth have left records' that point 
unmistakably to the skies as a source of waters. Where 
were the ' 'ocean sources' ' oi the Greeks^} At those ''sources'* 
of waters the flying steed Pegasus was horn, a celestial 
steed. He carried his rider Belerus in his fight with the 
Chimera, a celestial vapor monster, and was afterwards 
placed as a heavenly constellation. 

These thots prepare us to believe that tliere is avast 
amount of ancient literature which has been greatly 
misunderstood, simple because the old environment 
that gave birth to the great mass of primitive thot is a 
lost and forgotten one. Plainly the ancient Hebrews 
had the same heaven that the ancient Greeks, Hindus^ 
and Japanese had. If the latter had a water heaven so 
had the forjnier, and it now falls fittingly in place to 
examine some of the old Hebrew records. 
The Shamayim of Heaven 

The very first sentence of the first chapter of Genesis 
says: "In the beginning the Elohim created tlie Heav- 
ens and the Earth," and again we are told in the fifth 
and sixth verses that the Elohini made an expanse, or 
firmament, and ''called the firmament Heaven," and 
placed it ''in the midst of thewaters.'^ I presume a person 
of the most ordinary mental calibre can see the true 
celestial condition here, so plainly set forth. The 
heaven of the Hebrews was placed "in the midst of the 
w^aters," and we may rest assured that we have now to 
deal with the same waters that concealed the sun of all 
the oriental races, and if the latter was a heaven ex- 
iled from power, then the former follc/wed the same in- 
exorable decree of fate and eventually fell from its ce- 
lestial mooring, and we shall hear of it later on. 

Again in the seventh verse we find an addition- 

40 



al fossil thot of inestimable value, where we are told 
that the Elohim made a firmament or heaven and di- 
vided the waters above from the waters below. As there is no 
mistaking tlie location of these wpyer waters, we are 
dri\'en to conclude that the Hebrew cosmo^onv is built 
on the rock of Canopy World Erolutton. But as if some 
unseen power had planned the scheme, we are told in 
tlie eighth verse that the Elohim called the firmament 
Shamayhn (Heaven). Now the word Shamavim means 
simply "there waters.'' Thus we are told that the heav- 
en was not onlv placed in the midst of the waters.^wd that 
there were waters nhove and waters below, but as if to forti- 
fy and clinch immortal testimony, we are simply told 
that God called the firmament or heaven ''there tvaters.'' 
In Other words the Hebrews had the same ephemeral or 
vapdr heaven that all other races had; and the Mosaic 
cosmology in its very beginning, in terms that cannot 
be misunderstood, predicatesover and oyer that a Deluge 
must corner 3.nd it will come as sure as Law presides at 
the world's hehn. ^ ^ 

'* Waters A^pve thk Firmament" 

At this point of the inquiry the philosopher says: If 
there were waters above the firmament, what kept 
them there? They could not stay in the heavens any 
more than a ball or a stone, unless they revolved about 
the earth; and the Earth's Revolving Annular System und its 
inevitable revolving* canopy come before us as a proc- 
lamation from the Hebrew skies, and it seems almost 
impossible that the evidence from this old store of hu- 
man thot will not shake the old geology to its lowest 
stone. 

The w^aters above the Hebrew firmament, as a mat- 
ter of necessity, concealed the true heaven and the 
heavenly bodies, just as we have seen among the con- 

41 



temporary races, and if such be the case we cannot ex- 
pect to find the Hebrew true sky or true sun or moon 
mentioned among these ancient fossils. I know it is 
customary for Bible students to conclude that these 
bodies are referred to b\^ the words or and maorim, 
("light" and * 'lights"), iti Genesis. But the thot,as 
I see it, is wholly untenable, for these words cannot 
be translated sun, or suns, nor by any way made to 
mean anything but light. Nor is tliere to be found in 
these ancient, antediluvian annals a word that can be 
translated sun, or moon, and this simple fa(5l is made 
to buttress the canopy theory so that it stands before 
us a fortress of invincible strength. If the heavenly 
bodies were seen, how did it ever happen that such 
prominent objects as the sun and moon were not named , 
and even if referred to by the word light, why were 
they kept so far in the background? The most promi- 
nent objects in our firmament todav by all means were 
the most prominent in the cradle time of man, if they 
were not hidden. It seems to me a most inexplicable 
enigma, without canopy aid. And this subordination 
of the sun, instead of its exaltation, is universal in an- 
cient thot. Sun and moon are silent characters in an- 
cient biblical thot until after the flood, and even then 
Shemesh, translated "sun'', does not mean sun, but 
the ''strength'' or "light of thesun" — showing that long 
before the true sun w^as seen the canopy was the He- 
brew sun, and that men knew that canopy to be the 
regent of the sun. When the true sun came into powder 
it was very natural that it took as a light-giver the 
name of the shining canopy. In the light which thus 
dawns upon us it is very plain to my mind that Shem 
w^as the name of the true sun and Shemesh must be 
"servant" or ''regent oj the sun J' Plainly it is the name 

42 



of some stronger body in the bac kground, and the same 
may be said of the moon, for neither of these Uimina- 
ries is given a name in biblical thot nntil after the 
flo(jd; until after the watery heavens fell, which was 
the proper time for the sun and moon to appear. 
He Made the Stars Also 

As the canopy moved toward the poles to fall there, 
the true sky must have been made bare. The simple 
fa(51 that the falling of a canopy carried it polarward, 
and ended its career as it moved thither, and the addi- 
tional fadl that such vapors could not stay in the polar 
skv any more than a stone, we must conclude that 
during the greater part of all canopy times the stars 
looked down thrii a vast opening in the polar skies. 
Now is it not remarkable that the ^'stars'' should be 
mentioned here in the first chapter of Genesis, wdiile 
thfsun and moun. incalculably more prominent objects 
in the heaven, are not mentioned? The simple facft 
that the stars are mentioned proves that they were s^-e/?, 
and shows that the more commanding and prominent 
sun and moon would also have been mentioned had 
they been seen. Thus the whole testimony dovetails and 
weaves itself into a network of proof that the infant 
race of Hebrew thot lived under a vapory heaven. 
The Great Lights 

The philosophic student will ask why there is so con- 
spicuous a comparison of ''two greatUghts^' made in Genesis, 
Plainly the canopy w^as a great light because it was to 
all mankind a sun as.largeas the big round sky. We 
are forced to recognize the fact that the sun beyond 
the canopy was pouring its brilliance into attenuated 
vapors w^hich converted them universally into a shin- 
ing glory. This universal diffusion of light into half 
the whole vapor heaven sent its permeating beams in- 

48 



I 



to the other lialf and made it a modified Rreat shiner 
also. Let us remember that this sunlit canopy was 
forever risino and setting. The scientific thinker 
knows very well that li^ht permeating a vapor mass^ 
as a world cloud, must illuminate the whole of it. The 
light of the sunlit half of a cloud is carried bv general 
diffusion into the other half. So that while the sun 
was in the upper heaven the day canopy must have been 
a radiant expanse^ and when the sun retired to the un- 
der world and the night canopy came upon the scene, 
it was also an illuminator — a moon as large as the big 
sky. At midnight the vapors in the eastern and wes- 
tern horizon shone as shining columns of flame, so that 
night must have been illuminated as by a thonsand 
moons. There w^as, in facft, no acftual night as we see 
it now, and darkness must have been a mere passing 
shadow. Tho it must be admitted there may have been 
bands of blackness arching the heavens, such as we see 
in the great canopies of both Jupiter and Saturn, which 
to follow now w^ouM carry us afar. 

This same intimation I find all thru the mythic an- 
nals of the race — a time when night was but a modified 
day, and we shall see later that true night of biblical 
thot did not alternate with true day until after the flood. 
Thb POLA.R Sky Opening 

I have said that the polar heavens must have been 
clear much of the time during canopy periods. This 
is abundantly proved by the hoary witnesses found ev^- 
erywhere among the ancient records. The ancient thot 
of the Greeks shows us an Asterie or star island once 
floating in the heavens, and legend affirms it fell from 
the skies and became fixed by the command of Zeus^ 
the Greek rain and thunder god, in order that Apollo,, 
a boreal sun, might heboru. Roman thot presents us with 



the Clarion Isle, or the ''Clear place." Then there is the 
Isle of the Blessed — the Isle of Hesperus, and Job's 
Isle of the Innocent. In short, we find intimations in- 
numerable, almost, among the various ancient peoples, 
and it would require a volume to elucidate the facf that 
all these islands were one and the same sacred Isle of 
Stars, an actual window in the skies and always located in the 
north. This northern sky-hole, because it was the one 
source thru which the race obtained knowledge of the 
outer world, was called the source oj knoidege. Again 
and again we find for it the most significant names. 
In Greece the name Asierope or "star opening" was ap- 
plied to it. Even in the far north, the Scandinavians 
called it Mimer's Well or Hole, the "fountain of knowl- 
edge." Legends sav that Odin, the father of Thor the 
Thunderer and therefore a canopy, went to this holy 
place to get wisdom to obtain w^hich he had to leave his eye 
there. In facft. this opening in the canopy w^as called 
the ' 'Eye of Heaven' ' by many peoples, to show which 
would stretch this inquiry to great length. P^very can- 
opy that went to the north would become, in after 
times, a personality marching to she sky-hole as a 
source of wisdom; and everv such canopy or personal- 
ity, to obtain that wisdom, had to . leave an "Eye" 
there, an opening thru w^iich all beholders secured in- 
formation from the outer universe. 

One most significant memorial of this polar opening 
is the fadl that the apostate Jews worshipped it as a 
Supernal deity under the name of Baal or Bel Peor. Now 
all Oriental scholars know that Bel or Baal represents 
a shining or sun-characfter, and Peor is an ''opening'' or a 
\Miole," and we now^ understand why the w^orshippers 
of Bel Peor, the "shining hole," congregated on the 
north side of the temple and prostrated themselves be- 



4d 



fore a "hole in the wall" as an ''image" of their deily. 
(See Ezekiel 8:7.) An ima^e of what? Of that Su- 
pernal Hole, which all men saw^ as the entrance into 
the divine Penetralia — the Holy of Holies in the prim- 
itive templum, as the infant race conceived. 
The Eden Earth 

All these things testify that the Hebrew^ heaven Sha- 
mayim "there waters," was a shining ephemeral cano- 
py. The opening and the ' 'stars' ' affirm a falling heav- 
en. But we shall have to concede that such a canopy 
made a garden earth.a greenhouse world; just as we have 
seen other canopies make tropic conditions in geologic 
times. Is it at all strange, then, that in these ancient 
annals we find the most positive memorials of an Eden 
clime, which, reciprocatiug, affirms a canopv, and a 
tropic environment for man and beast? It tells us that 
man dwelt naked in Eden. Then the earth where he 
lived was warm. What made it warm? Or, are we to 
join the attack on primitive fossil testimony and cry 
''myth"? What if it is a myth? Are we to close our 
eyes and our ears to the testimony of a vapor heaven 
imperatively demanding entrance into court? A myth 
explained is no longer a myth, and all opposing collu- 
sion cannot disqualify the witness. We must lei it speak 
of an Eden world, just as the fossil mammoth of the 
Ardlic ice-w^orld speaks of the canopy *s reign and fall, 
and the reign of ice. 

Then, too, this mythic fossil witness tells us that in 
course of time man was deprived of his tropic garden. 
So does the mammoth speak it. I care not whether 
man was driven from Eden, or Eden was transformed 
by a polar avalanche of snow. I know, if a canopy 
was the shining heaven of primitive man, as testimony 
proves, he lived in an Eden clime, and he had to get 

46 



into it in obedience to the decree of inexornble fate. 
Then, too, he had to get out of it because it grew cold, 
and on his expulsion from a warm world to a cold one 
naked man had to be clothed. What chara(5ter of myth, 
then, is that which tells us that when man was driven 
from Eden he had to l:>e clothed in * 'coats of skin"? 
Myth or no myth, the jury takes the testimony that 
man went out of a warm Eden into a cold world, and this 
again predicates a falling canopy. Eden demands a 
canopy. Canopies demand cold in theend,and "coats 
of skins." Why this dovetailing testimonv?"' Such 
reciprocating memorials are scattered all thru the an- 
tediluvian narratives. I have so fully explained many 
of these in my Eden's Fleming Sword, that I need 
not repeat the explanation here. 

A Rainless World 

The fa (51 of a vapor heaven has been so fully estab- 
lished that I need not look for more evidence to prove 
it, but as It lies all along our pathway we shall simply 
pick up a few memorials, as interesting curios, and 
hold them as a re>erve testimony in case of need. I 
have said it could not rain in a canopied world. The 
sun must shine on the earth's surface to produce air 
currents, winds and tempests. Rains cannot fall as 
they do now unless air currents flow and commingle. 

During all canopy times, then, we must look for an 
upper source of moisture, as well as a lower, for the 
world of life and bloom. Thesearch is not long. The 
vast heaven above was a bottomless deep of waters, and 
the earth below had been the tame recipient of celestial 
moisture and measureless canopy rainfalls for time un- 
bounded. It is a philosophic certainty that both the 
terrestrial water and the heavenly ocean contributed to 
saturate and freight the atmosphere with incalculable 

*SeeGeu. 8: n. 

47 



tons of moisture by iiitiniate contadt with both sources. 
Today during the absence of the sun in the under-world 
this atmospheric moisture settles as dew on the earth 
simply because the air grows cooler at night. During 
all canopy times the solar heat during the day passed as 
a diffused ocean of caloric into the canopy, and largely 
thru this vapory lens into the atmosphere. As is well 
known, the warm atmosphere is perpetually absorl)ing 
moisture from every available source, thus loading it- 
self with water, only to give it back as refreshing dews. 
The canopied atmosphere thus gently and universally 
warmed in its upper half unavoidably gave rise to a 
daily upward movement of vapor-laden air during the 
warm part of the day, and a downward moxement of 
mist in the cool part of tb.e day. (We cannot call it 
night.) The alternation of the "bright day and the 
darker day,*' as the Vedas put it, was simply the al- 
ternation of the warm and CQol part of the day; and 
view it as we may, we are forced to concede that one 
part was characfterized by rising moisture (it may have 
been rising visible fog or vapors) and the other by its 
deposition. 

It is interesting indeed to come across this gem of a 
fossil on our way from the "Garden to the Flood" r 
' 'For the Lord God had not caused it to rain upon the 
earth but there went up a mist from the earth to water 
the whole face of the ground/' i. e.» the whole world. "^"^ 
If there ever was a time when it did not rain on the 
earth as it does today, then. , the sun did not shine di- 
re<5llyiipon its surface; and we are forced back to the 
canopy theory^ which presents that orb as a couicealed 
subaltern: land we know if such was the condition off 
that central dynamo of thesolar system during the era-- 
die time of man,, it was an age of rising and Jailing mists.. 

1^ 



Plainly if there was no rain there was a concealed 
sun and a concealinj< canopy; and if there w- as a cano- 
py there could be no true atmospheric rains, and there 
had to be an age of nli^-t. A rainless earth is simplv 
out of place in philosophic thot without a physical 
cause, operating against present sohir conditions, and 
man would not have related the fadl if it had not come 
down as part of the acfiual history of a hoary antiquity. 
It is out of place in the absence of a watery heaven as 
its physical cause. It was a necessarv accompaniment 
of Edenic life, and both by tlieir remarkable associa- 
tion with the "heaven placed in the midst of the wat- 
ers,'' makes the Hebrew Shamayim the same as the 
ephemeral Ouranos of the Greeks; and this being the 
case, the ancient Hebrew heaven must have fallen just 
as the vapor heaven of every other people. It was as 
inevitable as the turning of the sphere. 
Change of Deitv Names 

An examination into the ancient annals of every peo- 
ple shows the remarkable fa(5l that the name of a peo- 
ple's celestial deity always changed with the evolution 
of skies. In Greek thot the oldest deity name after 
Chaos (space), was Ouranos. This heaven retired and 
the name Kronos came as the name of a time-giving heav- 
en; later, and finally, came Zeus, the name of the true 
sky or the God manifested in the true sky — the rain- 
god and thunderer, the third deity name in the celes- 
tial dynasty. The Roman god name was first Coelus, 
second Saturn, and third Jupiter, therain and thunder 
god. ^ Scandinavia's primitive deity was named Bar, 
Odin succeeded him as the second heavenly deity, and 
the third in order was the rain and thunder god Thor, 
and thus on thru the w^oild's pantheon the rain and 
thunder god always conies as the third in the succes- 

49 



sion of heavens, and the power manifested therein. 
This fadl is remarkably prominent in the succession of 
Hebrew skies. First the deity manifested on the wat- 
ery heaven, the shining deep, was called Elohim, a 
plural name and translated God. Then came Jehovah- 
Elohim oi the second chapter of Genesis, and this second 
deity name translated Lord God is the name represent- 
ing Deistic might in the true heaven allied with the water - 
heaven, and it represents the very same power and con- 
dition which Kronos of Greece and Saturn of Italia do, 
i.e., the Deity manifested to the whole earth by a 
vapor heaven so thinthattime was susceptible of meas- 
urement. 

We know that the Greek Kronos and the Latin Sat- 
urn were the same deity of the Golden Age\or Eden time 
of Greece and Rome, "when men did not grow prema- 
turelv old," and we know, too, that Jehovah Elohim 
was the God of the Biblical Eden, where immortality 
reigned. Then, too, we are told as time rolled on and 
the Edenic heaven began to wind up its career thai 
^Hhen men began to call upon the name of Jehovah** {The Lord) . 
(Gen. 4: 26) Any one can see that this statement affirms 
that the name of the Most High God Jehovah came into 
use after two other names of the Deity came into suc- 
cession, and began to pass away as inapphcable in the 
Divine Arcanum. 

This Most High God-name was the name of the Xle- 
brew Deity manifested in the most high heaven that was 
and is to be — the true and infinite Deity manifesteid in 
the true and infinitesky, and named and charadlerized 
according to humanity's child-hke conception. 

Again, is it not remarkable that this ihird Deity name 
Jehovah, is that of the Hebrew rain giver, and the wield- 
crof lightning and thunder? The artillery of the skies, 

50 



as the whole Hebrew thot show.-s, belong:s to Jehovnh, 
and as this armament of heaven does not appear anv'- 
where in the early biblical writings, we are plainly told 
that Jehovah Elohim did not lain, but watered the 
earth with mists. 

The conclusion drawn by these and kindred consid- 
erations, whose name is Legion, give decisive strength 
to the hypothetic reign and fall of ephemeral heavens, 
and we find our road to theDeluge buttressed on all sides, 
and especially is tht- philosophic mind called to the 
change of the Deity name as the heavens rolled away, 
as a mystery that defies solution without canopv aid. 

*V/2 the days oj Abraham, Isaic and Jacob I vjas not known 
by my name Jehovah, but Kl-CShaddai (God Almighty) was 
my name." (Ex. 6:3 ) I would like to follow this 
golden memorial of canopy time^ — a thot brot down 
from remotest antiquity, yet I must leave it now. 
Max's Great Longevity 

An Eden Earth or not liouse world necessarily pro- 
longed the life of every living thing. The plant lived 
on and on, and its fruit-bearing time, and consequent 
end in death, were indefinitely postponed by the envi- 
ronment. All know^ that the plant, shut off from the 
adlive chemism of the sun-beam cannot mature its seed 
nor bear perfect fruit. In such a tropic environment 
lived antediluvian man, and necessarily fell into habits 
impelled bv conditions imposed. It was radio-adiivity 
excluded by a vapor sky. 

We have light-rays, heat-rays, X-rays, and what-not 
lays, and each set of rays has its own part toa(5f in the 
machinery of the world. It is well known that some 
of these rays are ac5live builders and life preservers, 
and we also know that some of them areadfiveand in- 
exorable life destroyers. Some build up the organic 



world and some are continually tearing it down. Kdenic 
conditions existed simply because the destrudlive beam 
was held in check, and the construdtive powers resident 
in the red and yellow rays were allowed to assume the 
ascendency. 

Now so far as I have been able to experiment with 
aqueous vapors (my experiments in this field, as mv 
early publications prove^ run back fully thirty years) » 
in the sifting out of the death-dealing powers of the 
sunbeam in connec5lion with plant and animal life, I 
have been led to conclude that in all canopy times the 
vapor heavens were most competent averters of physical 
dissolution. They put a decisive check upon the ac- 
tinism of the sun's rays, thus giving the life-imparting 
beam complete ascendency. When, then, I learn from 
Gensis and from the ancient annals of China and other 
Oriental and classic lands that man lived nearly a thous- 
and years, I am forced to use the fadl as canopy testi- 
mony, and we shall see later how man's great longevi- 
ty declined immediately after the flood, and learn the 
reason why. 

As I see it, the great longevity of antediluvian man 
is a monumental assurance that in the night-time of 
history the sun was concealed from the eyes of the 
world. As surely as the solar beam is a vitalizing, seed- 
perfedling, fruit-producing, and fruit-maturing power, 
it is a death-dealing power. Seed-making or fruit-giv- 
ing is death, whether it is operative in the flower, the 
beast or the man. Lifetime of all nature today is de- 
creed at the very fountain-head of light, and the slight- 
est change in thea6live chemism of the sun-beam would 
eventually be recorded in the longevity of man. As 
surely as sun power has given the plant the power and . 
tendency to reproduce itself and die,, so surely has it 

52 



given humanity and all nature the power and the in- 
clination to pro^enerate and deRenerate. So far as 
antediluvian records show, man's generative power was 
not nearly so active before the flood as it is today. We 
may talk of the natural life of man as ending at "three 
score and ten," but physical and exotic causes have 
decreed the limit, and five hundred or one thousand 
years were once as surely a natural limit as seventy is 
now. In fact, I see no physical reason why a vapor 
canopy could not have been so perfecSl a sun controller 
and world-master as to make an Kden of immortality. 
The Grand Intent 

If Themis, the spirit of Law and nature's orderly 
trend, told the Greeks and the Romans it w^as decreed 
that their heavens should fall, the same spirit or God 
of nature told the Hebrew race of the impending end 
of this celestial drama. "iVly spirit shall not always 
strive with man, but his davs shall bean hundred and 
twenty years." (Gen. 6:3). We have here a proclama- 
tion from the ephemeral heavens, and there was "no 
place where their voice w^as not heard, and their words 
went to the end of the world;' ' and I presume we should 
never have heard the faintest echo of such an announce- 
ment if the God of celestial order had not printed the 
decree in unmistakable characfters in falling skies. 
When the sunlight came down thru heaven*s opening 
'* windows'* it l)eg:an to fix, for all time, the life limits 
upon all nature. 

One hundred and twentv years was a long time in 
which to foretell the completion of this w^orld move- 
ment, but w^e must not forget that there was Law in 
those days, and oracular tongues to interpret it. The 
order of nature w^as a continual prophecy, and men who 
lived nearly a thousand years had mental ears acute to 



ali 



hear and ])rains to interpret the grand intent oi tragedies 
repeated again and again in unimterrupted order. This 
old order of prophetic skies gave birth to oracular cen- 
tres, Delphic responses, Sibyline pages, — priestly pow- 
ers, the world over — all canopy auguries. 

'*/ do hring a flood of waters upon theearfhJ* (Gen. 6:17.) 
This was another celestial declaration. Deity proclaimed 
it» as Deity proclaims the coming tempest today. But 
the portentous announcement was the visible approach 
of the dread calamity. Such an announcement would 
never have been made if a heaven had not been made 
''in the midst of the waters." It was made in harmony 
with the fa(5l that thesun and moon were yet unnamed. 
It was made in harmony with the ii\6i that there were 
*' waters above llie firmament/' which had the form of 
a sun-concealing canopy, forever floating down to the 
poles, and nearer and nearer to tlie earth. I do not see 
how the philosopher can look back over this panoply 
of canopy testimony and not see the coming flood as 
an inevitable result of ''a heaven of waters close to the 
earth." There is not a passage to be found anywhere 
in the earliest Hebrew thot that can lead us to suppose 
that antediluvian man ever saw a rain or tempest, the 
sun or the blue sky. If the firmament sent its blast on 
fiery wings with echoing thunder, the penman has not 
told us, but he has told us again and again that thesun 
and true skies were hidden, and he tells us he had heard 
there was a day when ii did not rain. I think it was Max 
Muller who said he had never found in the pages of the 
Rig Veda nor in Homer's writing, nor in the Old Tes- 
tament, a distincft reference to the hluesky. He might 
have said with no fear of contradi(5tion, ''nor a free or im- 
mortal sun.'' It is always a subaltern sun. That Bible 
word Shemesh, which all the learned have read ''Sun'" 



54 



in the Bible, is in every sense ihe name of an underlvng. 
Shem is a "name" in the sense of a report or rumor, 
and it cannot fail to impress the canopy student that it 
speaks of a thing unseen,— a thing of which men liad 
heard — a concealed power rumored or named, as exist- 
ing bevond the view of man. It is a fossil namt-; and 
such fo-sils as this will reveal an old uorld lost! 

And now as we approach the day of the flood, it is 
well to recall the man\ fadls wdiich we know a canopy 
of heavenly vapors must affirm. The antediluvian 
period was sunless and as a dire(5l result it was rainless 
and windless and winterless and nightless. Summer 
and winter could not alternate. There was no certain 
seedtime and harvest. There was no true alternation 
of day and night. There was no lain-bow. But the 
sun shines clear now. VVe see the true sky — the only 
heaven that could send tempests, winds, summer and 
winter, seed time and harvest. The only heav^en that 
could present a rainl)ow. The only heaven that could 
fix the seal of mortality and reduce human lifetime 
fronrnine hundred years to three score and ten. Let 
us remember these things and see how many of them 
came forth from the world's wreck when the Great 
Deep swHing loose from its heaveidy anchorage, and a 
'new^ covenant* ' or order was made between heaxen 
and earth. 

The Grkat Dkkp 

"2Vie same day were all ihe fountains oj the Great Deep broken 
lip; and. the windows of heaven were opened, and the rain ivas on 
the earth forty days and forty nights.** (Gen. 7:11, 12 ) 

In the first place I want to call attention to the fact 
that if the '\vindows of heaven'' were opened at the 
time of the flood, then they were closed before the flood, 
and we have the most unimpeachable evidence of a 



cIoRcd heaven unwitingly expressed. Let us not forget 
this. In the second place I want to call attention to 
the fa(5l of a closed heaven opened at the time of an excep- 
tional down-pour of water, and ask the philosopher if 
that is the way the rain comes from the true heavens^ 
as the w^orld gets it today? So far as ocular demon- 
stration goes, the rain and tempest clouds shut up the 
firmament, and how did it ever happen that the heav- 
enly windows were opened at the time of a forty days' 
rain? Centuries after the flood men remembered that 
the heaven was opened then, and told their children 
the faa. 

Thirdly, I want to call attention to the fa6l that the 
relationship of an open heaven to a lortv days' rain is 
an absolute and supreme denial of the possibility of 
such a rain coming from the clouds of our atmosphere, 
as rains come today, and hence the inevitable coiichi- 
sion that the deluge down-pour came from a source of 
waters above and beyond the atmosphere. But we 
have no such sources or fountainsof water now; hence 
tliat source disappeared either at the time of the flood, 
or sometime since, and it will be interesting to know 
wdien. Now the master-link of testimony in this case 
is the statement that "in the six hundredth year of 
Noah's life, in the third month, on the fourteenth day 
of the month, the same day, all the fountains (or sources 
of the flood-waters) of the Great Deep were broken up'' (de- 
stroyed). 

Fourthly. I want to call attention to the query which 
this peculiar combination presses for an answer, to wit: 
Why was the flood source or fountains of the great 
waters ''hrolen up'' at the very time the heavens were 
opened, if that source was not on high, and essentially 
conne(5\ed with a prior closed heaven? 

5& 



Here we hav^e a quaternion of witnesses; fresh from 
the fossil beds of thot which assert that the human 
family, lonR after its birth in the ivlen time of the 
world under a life prolonging vapor heaven, saw some 
of earth's primeval fi re-formed waters still lingering 
on high, shutting up the true heaven from view; saw 
heaven open and fall, and thus close the antediluvian 
order of nature by an immeasurable down-rushing flood; 
the very event that had been imminent from the day 
the '* heavens were placed in the midst of the waters." 
We now understand why there was an Eden in which 
man lived naked. VVe now see why there was an e- 
V)hemeral heaven close to the earth; why such a thot 
comes dowMi from every quarter of the world; why all 
peoples had a ''sun regent." a world-master, that poses 
everywhere as a shade and controller of light, a foe of 
the sun. 

We are not yet ready to pass away from the ''Great 
Deep' which has been, and is toda\ , a stupendous mis- 
conception the world over, by all tliose who do not 
minimize it as a mere triviality. Recognized as the 
Celestial Ocean, which has been the supreme agent in 
the building of world strata, all tliru geologic time, it 
becomes one of the grandest waymarks of the ages. 
''Some Othkr Dkkp'' 

It was no less a scholar than the immortal Rawlinson 
who showed how^ persistently the "Deep'' was an ele- 
ment in the ancient thot of Western i\sia, as revealed 
by the tabletory records, and he has said without the 
least reservation: ''This Deep ivas not ocean, but some other 
deep.'' Now, wdiat "other deep" could any race or peo- 
ple know anything about » save that great source or 
fountain of waters which was "broken up" when the 
"heavens were opened" with a wujrld baptism? There 



was a Deep which all humanity saw at every pointy 
and which the race had every opportunity to know wae; 
the one Rrand source of all waters. There was the Deep 
on which the ancient Hebrews saw the spirit, or move- 
ment of the Elohim on the waters, and which said to 
every race and tongue, "Let there be light — and there 
was light/' 

This upper deep was a battomless ^eep and the only 
bottomless deep or abyj^s of waters that could exist; and 
it explains the most puzzling fa6l that all ancient peo- 
ples, even those who lived far from the sea, as the K- 
gyptians, Hindus, Persians, and Babylonians, show^ by 
their persistent allusion to the same, to be most famil- 
iar with great waters, and waves and floods. One would 
think that all races were once ocean mariners. The an- 
cient Greeks called this world-investing deep OkeaHos 
and said it was the ''source of all fountains and 
streams of water." 

If there be any possible uncertainty about the * 'great 
deep" of Genesis being the upper ocean, all doubts 
may be dispelled by the recognition of certain collater- 
al testimony, some of which I shall now offer. Firsts 
primitive man must have placed the source of all de-- 
scending mists, fogs and w'aters, in the heavens, be- 
cause he saw them coine from that region. Secondlv^ 
we have all learned that celestial water sources are a 
prominent oriental thot. We read of ''Copious foun- 
tains opened from above." We read of heavenly spir- 
its or dragons vomiting floods of water. We read of 
''Deep replying to deep." ''Praise him ye heavens, 
and ye waters above the heavens " We are told that 
the celestial horse Pegasus was born near the * 'foun- 
tains of the ocean." Thefountain Hyrocrene was pro- 
duced by this celestial steed. We know that Neptune 

5« 



was originally a god associated with Jove, the thunder- 
er, his younger brother, and ihethot is prominent that 
Jove the sky-god drove him out of heaven and gave him I he 
government of the terrestrial waters. What waters did 
he rule over before he was expelled from the skies? In 
fa(5t, his expulsion from abovecati mean only that hu • 
manits' knew that the god of the terrestrial deep was 
once the god of the celestial deep, and this thot must 
he equated with the ''fountains of the Great Deep bro- 
ken up." 

The one salient fadl is that no possible earthly deep 
could present a feature that could in any way have 
suggested the idea of a fountain or source of waters. 
The thot had its origin in the fall of heavenly waters, 
and no amount of straining and twisting of fa(5ts can 
shake this conclusion These considerations, leading 
as they certainly do to the establishmeiit of Rawlinson's 
*'some other deep," in the depths of the terrestrial 
skies, it is about time that scholars had ceased to call 
the ''Abyss" of the tablets our ocean. The one lend- 
ing idea inseparable from the word abyss is that of a 
fund of water without a solid basis or bounds. Will 
some one show how there could be bottomless or land- 
less waters on the earth? Failing in this will he ex- 
plain how the heavenly deep could have a bottom or 
land to bound it? 

The Hebrew name for the Great Deep is Tehom, and 
all Hebraists know that Tehom is the Tihamat of the 
Chaldean tongue. Now, what is most remarkable, this 
Chaldean name of the Abvss is found in the Alava 
tongue in Yucatan, and Dr. Le Plongeon, an indefat- 
igable student in ancient Central American thot, says 
the word there is Tihamatti, and means ''There tvaters 
without land/' and it requires no straining to make Tiha- 
matti the bottomless abyss or lanilless waters on high 

59 



seen by every nation, kindred and tongue, and known 
everywhere to be a landless fund of waters. 

The Chaldean Tihamat or Tiamat gives us most val- 
uable aid in the solution of the Tehoni or Great Deep 
problem, for IheChaldees tell us plainly that Tihamat 
was the drctgon of the Abyss or spirit of the waters, which 
'produced the Chaldean flood. Now it is also a well known 
fadl that in ancient Chaldean thot this water dragon 
was a mortal foe of the sun, and this puts it in the so- 
lar heavens, and the canopy bounds into view, for it is 
the easiest thing to prove that any sun-foe is a vapor 
foe, and w^e find that militant spirit everywhere in an- 
cient thot. Bel, the sun-god of Western Asia, in the 
last great conflidl, killed Tihamat, the flood-producing 
dragon, and vaulted victoriously into power. This 
can be nothing more nor less than the ''breaking up of 
the deep'* Tehom-Tihaniat. The legend goes on to 
state that the "Sun*god cut Tihamat in twain, "which 
was of course the visible parting of the canopy which 
let the sun have the vi(5lory. 

The one all-important lesson we learn from this com- 
parison of the Hebrew^ Tehomand Chaldean Tihamat 
— one the Deep and the other the personified Deep — is 
the fadl that as the great battle between Bel and Tiha-- 
mat took place as a solari-vapor contest, the battle-field 
was in the heavens. As we are thus compelled to put 
Tihamat, the Chaldean deep, in the heavens, so are we 
compelled to put Tehom, the Hebrew deep, there also. 
Here also we have additional testimony that the dragon 
and serpent wherever found in ancient thot w^as the 
water-spirit of the canopy. 

Here I want to call the student's attention to some 
of Max Muller's remarks on the great conO(5l ibetween 
the light powers of the heavens and the world-dragon » 
or flood-producing serpent of the Vedic books, and it 



is indeed curious to find how the //j^A/ spirit overcomes 
the darkening power in order to send rain upon the 
earth. '^VVaitlami," whose name occurs hut once in 
the Rig Veda, is lepresented in India as one of ike many 
(Urine powers ruling the firmament, and desiroying darkness, and 
sending rain, or as the poets of the Wdaare fon 1 of ex- 
pressing it, "rescuing ihecowsand slaying the demons 
that carried them off. Tliese cows always move along 

the firmament, some dark, some l)right colored 

they drop from their udders a fertilizing milk upon the 

parched ar^d thirsiy earth, but sometimes the poets sav^ 

, they are carried off by robbers and kept in dark caves 

I near the uttermost ends of the sky. Then the earth is 

■ without rain Till at last the rock is cleft asunder 

and the demons are destroyed, and the cows brot back 
I to their pastures. This is one of the oldest myths, or 
I sayings among the Aryans. It appears again in the 
mythology of Italy, in Greece, in Germany." 

"In the Avesta the battle is fought between Thraet- 
! aena (Light) and Azhi dahaka, the destroying serpent. 
' Traitana takes the place of Indra (true sky) in this 
j battle. In one song of the Veda, more frequently it 
I is Trita but other gods also share in the same honor. 
The demon who fights against the gods, likewise is 
Ahi, or serpent, in the Veda." 

Of course this great scholar saw theie was a time 
when rains did not fall in India, and it was natural to 
conclude the ground was parched by a burning sun 
shining down from a clear open heaven, but we must 
remember that the sun was vet ruling thru a regent, and 
the Demon or dragon spirit had to be slain to bring the 
rain clouds. Ahi, the serpent, is destroyed before In- 
dra, the rain god, is let into control. Say what we 
may, the battle is not that of a tempest cloud such as 
sends rain today. It is a battle to banish the "demon," 

61 



or canopy, spirit, which is ever a sun-foe; when that 
foe is destroyed the true sky comes, the true clouds 
are brot (the cows long lost are found). The Demon 
is not made the rain spirit, but the spirit that .has 
robbed the earth of rain, and rain-clouds, and it seems 
strange that Max Muller did not see how the great 
world battle representing the confli(5t between true 
heaven powers and the false heaven spirits had no sem- 
blance to the phenomena of rain. The myth, as he 
calls it, is everywhere a presentation of nature's effort 
to destroy an old order and bring in a new. The Ve- 
da of the oldest period is filled with such allusions, 
which show by their peculiar presentation of things that 
they are entirely foreign to present world conditions. 

We have seen how this battle of the sun and the can- 
opy ended in the fall of thelatter as a serpent or dragon 
spirit, and the exaltation of the former, and this is 
found to be the universal result in the ancient world. 
So that a vast volume could be penned showing how 
this solar-canopy battle was the Armageddon of the an- 
cient skies — a universal Ragnarock that culminated in 
the fall of the serpent and the advance of solar author- 
ity. When, then, we turn again to the biblical narra- 
tive of the flood, and learn that immediately after the 
fall of the waters, the rainbow appeared in the clouds, 
a child of the sunbeam, it would seem to end all con- 
troversy as to the location of the Deep, for the bow's 
appearance is an absolute proof of the advance of the 
Hebrew sun, as well as that of the Chaldees. 

Thk Rainbow 

I have shown many times in the course of this inquiry 
how the sun was universally kept in the back-ground. 
Who has not read of the heaven as a ''chamber,'' or ''se- 
cret recess,'' of the sun? Who has not met with the world- 
wide thot of a condition that was illusory and unreal? 

62 



And who in all his reading has ever met with a par- 
ticle of evidence that lends probability that true skv 
scenes were known in the cradle time ol humanity? 
Who does not know that the rainbow, unheard of in 
earliest times, comes upon the view in a later time of 
the world's history? Iris, the bow of the Greeks and 
Romans, figures only in the pantheon of Jove, the 
thunderer, who came into power as the true sky came 
into power. Iris, among both these races, was the 
messenger of Juno, the consort of Jove, and as is well 
known, this was after two vapor heavens, Ouranos and 
Kronos, had passed away. Whether w^e examine the 
Vedas, the Avesta, or the Bible, we find one universal 
deposition, that the rainbow was unknown in the ear- 
liest historic times, which, of course, means the sun 
came into power at a later period. With these thots 
before us w^e cannot be surprised to learn that Iris was 
the grandchild of Okeanos. the celestial ocean. Neith- 
er can we marvel that the rainbow of the bible came up- 
on the scene after the windows of heaven were opened 
and the flood-fountains broken up. Even the classic 
Jove made the bow a sign of a new order between the 
earth and skies. 

According to the biblical flood narrative, the bow 
w^as painted on the cloud as the token or sign of a new 
covenant between heaven and earth, and this can mean 
nothing w^hatever if it does not present a new^ heaven 
to human eyes.' What was that new covenant but a 
new order of the scheme of naturt? The God of nature 
informs the human family that the ''waters shall never 
more become a flood.'' This is all the pr<^of we need that 
a new order had supervened, for the order was such 
that a flood was not only possible but imminent; and 
any one can see that so long as the bow can appear on 

63 



the cloud there can be no Bun-concealing canopy. 
Hence the appearance of this ''token'' in the skies after 
the heavens had opened, and the fountains of the deep 
broken up for ever, is most strikingly significant tes- 
timony. This, taken in connection with the fadl that 
such a deluge as tliis could not by any possibility come 
from any atmospheric source leaves us without the 
shadow of a doubt that the peculiar presentation of the 
flood narrative, as found in Genesis, proves that man, 
sometime, we know not when, away back during the 
childhood of the race, saw some of the last remnants of 
the Earth's Annular System occupying the heaven as a 
sun-concealing canopy and a universal world control- 
ler. And in course of time he saw this watery heaven 
pass away. 

Here we have unmistakably theworld-wnde proclama- 
tion of the post-dihivian heaven. It would have been 
utterly out of place at any other time than at the close 
of a canopy period, when humanity hailed with delight 
the dawn of a new order.\ Man saw the momentous 
change, as the manifestation of the Deity; of El the 
Mighty, who dwelt in the shining expanse and who 
was now to begin his new order from the true and most 
high heaven, the eternal and infinite seat of the Eter- 
nal and Infinite. 

It is most significant, then, that at the very time of, 
this stupendous world-stride from a lower to a higher 
plane, the voice of Jehovah was heard from his seat in 
the highest heaven: "And the Lord (Jehovah) said in 
his heart, I will not again curse the ground any more 
for man's sake, for tlie imagination of man's heart is 
evil from his youth; neither will I again smite any 
more every living thing as I have done. While the 
earth remaineth seed-time and harvest and cold and 

G4 



heat, and summer and winter, and day and night shall not 
cease:' (Gen. 8:21, 22.) Literally, "Shall cease no 
more, shall alternate forever. ' ' The mind cannot con- 
template this passage without feeling that we are in the 
very midst of a wondrous world-transition, that we 
have a new heaven and a new earth in view. We hear 
the Deity when dwelling in a shining expanse of flood 
impending vapors, say: ''I do bring a flood upon the 
earth.'* Again as God manifested in the true and 
e\"erlasting heaven, He makes an everlasting covenant 
with man. He savs: "There shall be no more floods." 
Today we hear that same announcement, just as the 
immediate survivors of the flood heard it, it may have 
])een ten thousand years ago. The tones of the In- 
finite's voice fall forever on the mental ear, and the 
bow from the same celestial seat in the new-born cloud 
takes up the same eternal acclaim, and assures all men 
that the time of "Deluges" has passed forever away. 
Man's New Evironment 

The geologist tells the tale of the "ages" as he hears 
it proclaimed from the fossil beds, wrapped in the 
shadows of an unmeasured past. It is a true tale of 
the true relationship between the earth and the over- 
mastering skies. But the geologist cannot close the 
narrative. The closing scene is not altogether traced 
on pages of stone. Immortal thot asserts its claim 
from fossil beds as enduring as rock. The pick and 
hammer have their field, but not the field. Canopy 
w^orld evolution calls order out of a world of chaos. 

I have shown how the flood-source, as a vapor roof, 
before the Deep was broken up at the time of the Del- 
uge, made a tropicearth repeatedly in the "ages, "and 
terminated the same by ''deluges vast beyond concep- 
tion;" made snow falls, at least in polar lands, sudden 

6.5 



and incalculably vast. We now see how such a vapor 
heaven passed away in a reputed cataclysm in which 
man was as much a vidlim as the megatheria of geolo- 
gic time. Here fossil thot takes the witness stand and 
declares: "So long as the earth remains, seed-time 
and harvest shall recur in order of time. Summer and 
winter shall follow each other in their perpetual course^ 
and day and night shall alternate without end." We 
cannot press this fundamental testimony of a world- 
change too strongly. It presents a feature never to be 
understood until the true plan of world-making accord- 
ing to Annular Evolution isunderstood and appreciated. 

Are we to suppose that the human race needed to be 
told after the fall of a vapor heaven, that seed time and 
harvest should henceforth alternate forever, if they had 
been alternating during uncounted centuries? The thot 
is un'^atisfying. It is out of harmony wnth a hidden sun. 
It is out of harmony with a tropic clime that came as 
an inevitable result of a subordinate sun. It is out of 
harmony with a rainless and winterle^-s age, another 
unavoidable consequence of solar regency. Winter and 
summer, cold and heat, seed-time and harvest, utterly 
refuse to be associated in a world with an aqueous cov- 
ering that shuts off the cold of space, and harbors the 
planet's interior native heat. Eden is but an echo from 
the antediluvian world. Eternal summer, eternal har- 
vest, with all that such a condition implies, were prom- 
nent features in the environment of antediluvian man; 
and the radical and sweeping change caused by the 
"opening of heaven's windows,'^ called forth the an- 
nouncement that a new order should immediately start 
on its endless career. 

A NiGHTw:ss Age. 

But the studewt asks, w^hy does this> announcement 



proclaim that day and iiiRht shall not cease? Are we 
to understand that day and night also began to alter- 
nate after the flood? Associated as it is with the alter- 
nation of the seasons I cannot see what other conclu- 
sion we can draw. I know of no way of changing the 
plan of seed-time and harvest without changing the 
scheme of cold and heat; and day and night are in such 
close relationship to them all, that to change one, all 
must be changed. If there ever was a time when there 
was no definite time for winter or summer to have tlie 
control of the earth then there w^ere no limited periods 
of seed-time and harvest, and it necessarily follows 
that all conditions that now flow from solar power 
must change as sun-power changes. This emphatic 
union of winter and summer, cold and heat, seed-time 
and harvest, day and night, into one inseparable scheme 
is no invention of man. I must answer the ^tudent bv 
sax'ing "what the God of nature has joined together 
we cannot put asunder." But let us examine further. 
We have certainly learned that an overmastering, 
ephemeral vapor canopy was in antediluvian times 
anchoied on high. We have learned beyond a doubt 
that a canopy was an all-luminous expanse; where then 
was there a chance for the alternation of day and night? 
When we look into ihe ancient annals of the birth-tin)e 
of history w^efind this all shinitm sun almost every wIiqvq. 
There is the Greek, Pasiphae, whose very name means 
the ''shining w^hole" (the whole heaven made a vast 
sun). Now Pasiphae was a daughter of Helios, and 
therefore a sun-regent. She dw^^t in the traditional 
Labyrinth of the Greeks, and even this word seems to 
be a "falling' something, Let us make it a falling heav- 
en and we shall then understand why her name was 
''All shine.'' In Egypt, Osiris, the sun, once shone 

67 



from ail parts of the sky . Typhon , the grreat Egy ptian 
dragon, whose name makes it a concealer, hid Osiris 
in a celestial grave, and afterward lore his body to 
pieces and scattered the fragments all over the world. 
Osiris thus became an all shiner too. He was a sun that 
hindered the alternation of day and night. 

Going back to ancient Japan we find the all shining 
sun, Aniaterasu, whose name means the ''Brilliant AlV^ 
or the "shining whole,*' was a daughter of the sun 
and must be equated with the Greek Pasiphae, for ac- 
cording to the oldest annals of Japan she was set up on 
high, an inviolable glory whose work it w^as to guard 
the wemers of the veil or garment of the gods. She was 
made regent of the sun, and her power fell when the 
Japanese heaven passed away and Ninigi, the true sun » 
vaulted to power. I have found this ''All shine'' among 
many peoples. I cannot follow it longer. Suffice it 
to add here: such a sun necessarily hindered the true 
alternation of day and night as we see it. As I have 
before shown, the antediluvian snn shone from the 
vast luminous expanse and it necessarily shone all a- 
round the world , save the reign of a milder glow thrown 
back from the underworld, the land of the dead, and 
because it was thrown back from the Death-world it 
was called the "shadow of death/' Among the Greeks it 
was called the ''Cap of Hades." This leads afar. The 
scene is simply reduced to this: An all shining heaven 
was antediluvian man's sun and moon. The Deluge 
came. The all-shiner disappeared as the heaven opened^ 
and the rainbow and a new covenant came as immortai 
witnesses to the great world transition. An age whose 
day and night were a varying glow, as the earth ro- 
tated, became an eternity of day and night, as we see 
them now, and hence the announcement of the change 



as a part of the everlasting covenant. The alternation 
of day and night is thus an inseparable feature of the 
new, as eternal day was a feature of the old order. 

But the student asks again: "iVs God called the light 
day and the darkness he called night," what are we 
to do with this "Night"? I answer, It was '*old night," 
and not the new. Old Night was the daughter of Chaos, 
and w^as the mother of the Parcae, Discord, Death, Illusion, 
shadows and darkness that appeared on the face of ihe 
canopy, as the dark bands seen today on the canopies 
of the pknets Jupiter and Saturn. I cannot conceive 
of a brilliant canopy that had not dark and light bands 
and belts in striking contrast. Old Night simply ex- 
pressed the va.H concealment. 

This is another feature the annular student must ad- 
mit. When the sun w^as concealed it went into primes 
val darkness. Homeric and Hesiodic sun-setting is very 
far from being our sunset. I cannot find that Homer's 
Sun went down wdien it disappeared. It went "heis 
hypo gaian,*' and who is there can render that a * 'go- 
ing down into the under world" and be satisfied with 
his translation? The Snn went in under the concealing 
cloud. In the paucity of terms, the ancients had of- 
ten times to use generic names. Thus the Greeks as 
well as other peoples used the term ''earth" for all this 
side of the canopy; and the canopy itself was in their 
view^ a part of the earth. Just as we now speak of the 
telluric atmosphere as a part of the workL All that 
came within the constant purview of man was of the 
earth, earthy; and all outside of this earthly boundary 
w^as space, and under, or in thecloud-w^orld. To give 
the thot in primitive terms, every thing there concealed 
was simply in under the eaith, (heis hypo gaian) in 
Greek thot. 

fi9 



Thus, too, the Egyptian Sun, Osiris, *\vent among 
the AmenW when it ''set,'' and I can no where find the 
intimation that when Osiris disappeared, he went down, 
but rather up into concealment. The Egyptologists of 
course tell us that Osiris was the "Judge of theAmenti 
in the underworld." At the same time they all knew 
that he was at all times a Supernal ruler, and that it 
w^as the ever joyous prospedl of the dying Sunworshiper 
to become one with Osiris on high and among the Amenti. 

Hence it is plain that the under world of which so 
much is falsely predicated in Egyptian lore, was not 
down but up. In the equatorial regions, the constant 
thinning of the canopy made the sun a frequent visitor 
from the hidden realm; but in the temperate zones in 
the early life of the race it was almost alw^ays hidden » 
or set. Now almost the whole of Egypt was outside 
of the adlual equatorial earth, and its people had to 
look to the southern skies for Osiris. Memphis, Gizeh» 
and the Pyramids are about 30 degrees from the equa- 
tor. It so happens, too, that the ancient literature of 
the Lower Nile is strikingly profuse in its allusions to 
the Southern Amenti, or ^'hidden ones;" and modern 
scholars are sorely puzzled to know^ why the Sun of the 
South was among the Amenti. So conspicuously is 
this feature in the old annals that some scholars nAn- 
ally call the Under world the South. The whole dif- 
ficulty vanishes when it is conceded that the Sun Osi- 
vis set in or under the canopy cloud, and thus became 
the Judge of the spirit-world, because men saw him as- 
sume control of it. Men could not philosophically 
make him a Judge of any place wdiich they could not 
see and concerning which they were utterly ignorant. 

In applying this test to the Hebrew "Sun set," we 
can but arrive at the same happy conclusion that like 



the other races the Semites of the Jordan in early times 
never savv the Sun set save as it went in under the 
cloud, and ihto conceahnent. I am well aware that our 
translators tell us the "Sun went down," but I believe 
this expression is always brot from the word bo, the 
meaning of which is to ''go in'\ 

When the canopy passed from power these primitive 
terms had been fired in human thot, and they have con- 
tinued to express what they were not at first intended 
for. I submit that the translators of old thot have no 
right to a(5l as interpreters of these eloquent w^itnesses, 
until they shall have become Canopy students, and can 
see how Old Night was simply utter concealment, and 
could not mean adlual darkness. 

This night, which is thus made light, recalls what 
Prof. Schliemann reports from this shining midnight 
of canopy times. He says that in all his reseaches in 
the deep excavations on the sites of Troy, Mycennae, 
and other ancient cities, he has not found a lamp, and 
ilovetailing this remarkable fadl with theequally strange 
one that Homer is also silent on this subjecft, he ha.s 
given me a first-class opportunity to formulate thequery: 
Why look for lamps in an age when there was no real 
night? Of course necessity was always the mother of 
invention, and the only demand for lamps was in the 
dark recesses of a habitation. Acftual night must have 
brot forth the lamp as one of the first house-hold ne- 
cessities and I have to believe that the antediluvian 
lamp was a rare thing. 

Applying canopy conditions to ancient thot, and 
making Old Night identical with primeval darkness, 
and equating both with canopy concealment, we can 
easily see how modern investigators are misled in so 
many ways. More especially is this misunderstanding 



in evidence with thoseorientalists who grope in Avestnn 
and Vedic thot, where they make the Serpent of the 
primordial waters the Spirit of our night or the genius 
of the ever recurring storm. Thes^ make the conflict, 
which is found everywhere raging between the Sun and 
its vapor foes, a battle between a6lual light and dark- 
ness, or day and night. This is entirely unfitting, 
since in the end the sun is exalted to immortality, and 
the serpent hurled to eternal death. The battle is made 
a final contest and the water genius falls never to rise. 
The fa(5l that night still lives aiid storms still rage set- 
tles this point, and we are simply to conclude that the 
fight was the last struggle between the sun and the 
sun-concealer. 

In an old Mexican Codex which presents the prehis- 
toric thot of the old Aztec people, we find, so far as an 
intelligent rendering has been obtained, a vivid pre- 
sentation of the long supremacy of night over day. In 
which case it is manifestly in place to use the words 
sun-concealment for night. For a long period Tescatlipoca, 
the demon of concealment was the master of the world, 
a mighty, wandering god, whose movements, celestial 
and canopic, are plainly set forth in the symbolic, mil- 
itant attitude of the conquerer. He is a Tvphon, a 
mortal sun-foe, who, after a severe confli6f , falls before 
a new-born sun that finally governs the world. just 
as Horns in Egypt, a young sun, rose to power and 
avenged the indignities imposed bv the dragon on his 
father, Osiris, and arose to power thru a vidfory in 
which Typhon was slain forever. It seems to be a uni- 
versal world thot that the water spirit, the Dragon of 
the celestial Deep, was the genius of night, only thru 
a misapprehension. Using the meaning "sun-conceal- 
ment" for night will throw^ a flood of light on the flood 
of time. But to return: 



The biblical idea that the waters can never again be- 
come a flood would be out of place if the flood source 
was not broken up forever. A Deluge once a possibi- 
lity would always be a possibility under any other con- 
sideration. So that in whatever way we look at the 
flood question, we are compelled to acknowledge the 
former existence of celestial vapors competent to pro- 
duce such a debacle of waters as could send its echoes 
down to the latest period. 

It is fortunate for the canopy theory that the prehis- 
toric echoes all support it. Why hav^e we not found a 
witness in the flood narrativ^e in Genesis that can be 
made to antagonize the thot? Where shall we And in 
the oldest annals a free sun, a true sky, a permanent 
heaven? The ideas of the olden reflecl: the unrecd and 
deceptive. So prominent was the world of "Illusion" 
that in the early Vedic thot men said the universe be- 
longed to Maya, or Illusion — Falsehood. The ephemer- 
al or false heaven was the origin of the thot. The ser- 
pent of the waters had made an Eden-world, a life of 
ease. Long life, and voluptuous enjoyment were 
promises the canopy held out to the race. It was a 
promise made by the Serpent of the waters; but it was 
a promise not fulfilled and men w^ere deceived, and the 
Serpent, at first a beneficent power in all lands, became 
the agent of evil, a "liar and the father of lies." In 
Egypt it first commanded the utmost regard of its w^or- 
shipers, but eventually it lost favor as in all other lands, 
and the sun-god of almost ever3^ people took its place, 
and the concealing and deceiving spirit was banished 
from the skies for all time. 

We cannot fail to find this absolute fall of the water 
spirit from power in such old-time memorials as the 
following: 



**And there was war in heaven; Michael and his 
angels fought againstthedra>?on;and the dragon fought, 
and his angels, and prevailed not neither was their place 
found any more in heaven J^ (Rev. 12:7.) I could fill a vol- 
ume with such testimony as this, toshow that the ancient 
fight on the Plains of Armageddon was the last one, 
and cannot be the struggle, as we now see it, between 
sun and storm, day and night. This dragon of the 
Apocolypse was a water spirit, for it vomited a flood of 
water against the ''woman clothed with the sun.'' Then, 
too, it cannot be disputed that Michael in the Chrisiain 
system is but a later name for the beneficent power that 
fought the light concealing hosts of the Parsees, the 
Hindus, and of all the old world races, vanquishing 
them for all time. Is the night spirit vanquished? Is 
the genius of the tempest dethroned? 

Thk Post Dii.uvian Wind 

From the very nature of canopy conditions the winds 
were born when the heavens wereopeued, and the bow 
was formed, as I have before intimated. So surely as 
the fountains of Tehom were cleft and the heavens en-' 
tered into a new covenant with theearth, sosuiely the 
winds started then on their eternal course; on the oth- 
er hand we may state it as a physical necessity, that if 
the winds did not enter more ac5lively into the world's 
economy, when the Noachian flood occurred, then the 
whole scheme of canopy evolution here exploited must 
fall to the ground. Then what will become of all this 
dovetailing? But it doesn't fall, and so we find, too, 
that in conne(5lion with all these new features, the first 
wind ever mentioned in Genesis is said to have come 
immediately after the flood, for we read "And God re- 
membered Noah, and every living thing, and all the 
cattle that were with him in the ark, and God made a 



wind to pass over the earth, and the waters were as- 
suaged." (Gen. 8:1.) A wind at the close of the rain 
takes its place as a feature in the everlasting covenant. 
A wind that is profoundly significant because it is inci- 
dentally a link in the^^reat chain of canqny testimony. 
The time of its occurrence is most fortunate for the 
solidarity of the claims here exploited. Suppose this 
reputed wind had come as a prelude to the great rain, 
as winds generally come today. Coming thus it w^ould 
have been an unsurmountable obstacle in the path of 
the annular student. Wind is produced by sun power, 
and if made a forerunner of the forty days' rain, it would 
have forced the conclusion that X\\^ ^in\ was not concealed 
in antediluvian times. It would show^ that the post- 
diluvian occurrence of the bow had no meaning what- 
ever. Its office as a token of man's security from an- 
other Deluge would be an impossibility and a quibble. 
The whole field of Kdenic thot — the heaven amidst the 
waters, "the waters above the firmament;" the name 
Shamayim (meaning "there waters") for the Hebrew 
heavens; all would be an inexplicable mass of mean- 
ingless jargon. Again I ask, why this dovetailing of 
testimony? It hasa meaning and it cannot be suppressed. 
When the floods came and the heavens were opened 
the sun slione down upon the earth's surface as it had 
not (lone for many a century. On that day a new heav- 
en came into view, and the winds were born; born, let 
me say, of anew heaven, and let us remember that new 
Deity names came into use as tlie new heaven came. 
So that when we turn to Greece and Romeand find the 
one chief and eternal Deity of those peoples as the 
thundering and storm-sending Jove, who came into 
power after tw^o heavens passed awav, we will have to 
adn)it that the Greek and Latin wand or wind-god a^o 



became an associate of the Greek and Latin thnnderer; 
for as we have aheady seen» he was a god of the true 
sky — of the starry heaven. We need not look very far 
into the pantheons of these peoples before we find their 
wind-god, Boreas, and learn the most significant fa(5t 
that he was the son oi Astaeus, a star deity, m\d again we 
could ^o far afield. 

When the heavens opened, the sun's energy began to 
operate direcftly upon one-half the world's surface. Of 
course the amount of that energy is beyond all human 
conception. It started the upward movement of heated 
air at the equator, and as an inevitable result this brot 
lateral currents from the poles, and eventuated in the 
establishment of a universal movement of atmospheric 
currents upon which all true rains,tvi>hoons, tornadoes, 
cyclones, and every existing form of tempest, snow 
and hail depend. The earth turned on its axis and 
thus the trades were produced and with them the 
counter-trades. 

In the beginning of the great expenditure of sun 
force, before the vast atmosphere could adopt an order- 
ly movement such as obtains todav,the first winiis must 
have been exceedingly violent, for it must be remem- 
bered that the unheated half of the atmosphere was an 
immeasurable resistance to the immeasurable force 
resident in the other half, and the two hemispheres 
were pitched forconflidl, and we cannot marvel that the 
sacred penman relates that the first wind we hear of 
was strong enuf to overcome the flood, and ''assuage 
its waters." Whv was this wind an exceptional one? 
Why was its history transmitted thru uncounted cen- 
turies, as tradition from father to son, as thewindof the 
Deluge? Because it was a new birth, one of the many 
new features of a new covenant, and as such it had to 

76 



come after the forty days' rain. It was man's first wind, 
unless away back in the most hoary human antiquity 
— in inter-canopic times — the infant race may have 
passed thru a prior like experience. It was man, 
nursed in the lap of geologic possibilities now forever 
ended, started on a new career in a new environment. 




The Waters Above the Earth 



This cut shows the earth as it existed before the flood, sur- 
rounded by a vapor canopy which caused perpetual summer; 
there was no rain, no moon, no rainbow, no storms, no winds, 
no seasons, and man lived far longer than now. 

When this canopy fell as the Deluge, the physical condition 
of the earth changed, and man's environment was greatly 
modified. 




A telescopic view of a Vapor Canopy on the Planet Jupiter, 
showing an aqueous-mineral ocean mony thousand miles deep, 
now falling in grand installments at the poles of that planet. 



T8 



APPENDIX I 

Human Longevity Rkduced 
We are told that man, whose longevity was nearlv a 
thousand years, dnrinR the time of a concealed snn, 
began to die at an earlier age immediately after the 
flood, and in a few centuries after the sun came into 
power man put off this mortal coil at the age of three 
score and ten years. The change coming as it did in 
the path of a mighty world-change impelled by the im- 
placable advance of the sun's energy, seems to force 
the conclusion that great human longevity was an es- 
sential feature of an old human environment, while 
the length of human life reduced to an amazingly low 
limit, was made a necessary feature of the new order, 
and this brings in the a(?tive chemism of the sun beam 
as responsible for the low mortality of the race. It is 
stated that Noah lived two hundred years after the 
flood, and this indicates that it took a long time for 
ihe sun beam to implant its fatal work in the vitals of 
the race. It is also said that the God of nature gave 
forth a decree that man and beast should multiply and 
breed abundantly upon the earth, and every living thing 
should be Jruilful. (Gen. 8:17 and 9:7.) At the same 
time irrevocable Law presiding at the helm of the ark 
of all living, has made fruit-bearing a step downward 
to Death. A sun concealed as it was priinitixtly had 
small power over the l)looming and seed vitali/Ation of 
the plant, or any living thing. The plant lived on and 
on responsive to the conditions of the solar ray sifted 
and deprived of its most adtive ripening and death deal- 
ing power; and man ivas in that environment. He could no 
more avoid the effeclsof constru(5liveand life-prolong- 



iiiR power than \\q can today escape the inexorable 
suninions of death. Always and ever a creature of en- 
vironment. 

I know as well as any one that the great longevity 
of the antediluvian man has long been held in doubt 
])y many of our foremost thinkers, but in the light of 
canopy evolution, w^hich cannot be eclipsed, it is no 
longer a doubtful thing. It is a condition that a \'a- 
por-concealed sun impels into place; man was simply 
torced into longevity, as he istoday forced into an ear- 
ly grave, because the sun-beam is his physical master.'^ 

It thus appears that shortened human life, and the 
power and increased tendency to multiply and be fruit- 
ful are simply the essential fruits of a world change 
that made a new covenant between heaven and earth, 
and to all intents a new covenant is simply expressive 
of a new environment, and "an everlasting covenant,'* 
means an everlasting environment. 

When God said I make a covenant with the bow its 
enduring token, He simply said I make a new environ- 
ment for man and as long as the bow lasts the environ- 
ment lasts, no longer. They came together, they will 
stav together, and if one departs they will both depart. 

"This is the token of the covenant which I make be- 
tween me and von, and every living creature that is 
with you, for perpetual generations. — I do set my bow 
in the cloud, and it shall be for a token of a covenant 

-It is i:n eusy thint*- todemonstiate the deadly effects some parts of the 
suuhcam have on the lower forms of life. If by "immersing them in eeriaiu 
rays we c eate an environment for them that invariably shortens their ex- 
istence, the rays simply kill them. Would these rays operate otherwise 
if ihe whole earth were subjected to suchanimoiersion. with the redeem- 
m-^ rays mtide inoperative "r If they kill microbes they destroy onio form 
of life, and the implication is that all forms of life ai-e destroyed by cer- 
t'4iu niys from the solar orb. If there are certain rays inimical to micro- 
bic life, there must be other rays that favor its growth, and the tendency 
of human effort today is to locate the reprionof suchrays.and it will be done. 

SO 



between me and the earth. And it shall conic to pass, 
when I bring a cloud over the earth, that the bow shall 
be seen in the cloud. And I wWlrememhermy covenant, 
which is between me and you and every living crea- 
ture of all flesh; and the waters shall no inore become a flood 
to destroy all fleM.'' (Gen. 9:12-17.) 

I think w^e can now see the physical necessity of ad- 
mitting that such a world-change of conditions, as the 
memorials of the Deluge affirm again and again, reduced 
the longevity of man bv subje(5ling him more immedi- 
ately to those solar a(5livities which advanced him more 
rapidlv along the line of the Grand Intent. It lifted him 
out of the inactive, sluggish and improvident, and placed 
him on a plane of greater activity, stronger inclinations, 
mentally, morally and spiritually. With these consider- 
ations we are not slow to see that man is what he is to- 
day because that great central dynamo of the solar sys- 
tem is at work, and holding under inexorable control 
the earth and all things thereon. The physical, the 
mental, the moral man of today has thus envolved from 
primitive conditions thru ever modifying causes. 

What other conclusion can we draw' as we look back 
into former world conditions? We see how very slow- 
ly man reproduced his kind in antediluvian times, and 
how immediately after the Deluge, in an environment 
of pure sunlight, the God of nature commanded him 
to multiply and fill the earth. I cannot think that such 
a command would have been made if man's new en- 
vironment had not made it. 

Man was also commanded to eat flesh. Had he not 
been in the habit of eating flesh? And if so wlw was 
he bidden now to do so? I would incline to hold forth 
the idea that with the open heaven a new covenant or 
world-condition came ine\itably, which indeed was new 
in everv sense of the word; that everv inclination of 



81 



man is made responsive to the physical forces that hold 
over him absolute control. This of course does not 
hinder him from changing him his environment and 
in the end modifying, controlling, or annulling it; but 
inevitably, morally and physically, he must be todav 
a man of different disposition and powers, occult and 
otherwise, than he was under the old order, because 
he was the responsive subject of a new one. 

CONCIvUSION 

'fhe Annular Theory as I have been able to present 
it is but a doorway opening to new and broader fields 
of thot. It seems to me that a great deal of investiga- 
tion is l)eing carried on under a misconception and 
that there is scarcely a field of research that will not 
be illuminated by a knowledge of its principles. 

Take the field of mythology. Who of my readers 
cannot see how myths have become historic facts, and 
how the canopy dispels the darkness enveloping the 
cradle time of humanity? Cosmologv, Ethnology, 
Philology, and all their collaterals open fairer and 
richer fields. Biology expands into a vast but more 
accessible field when we learn how from natural forces 
true life afose with possibilities unlimited, as world 
coiiditions nursed it up to a positive agency. First 
we see the plant without a perfect seed because sun- 
force was not present to vitalize it. It grew on and on 
but not until the sunbeam touched it did it begin to 
have seed within itself. Man and beast and plant were 
nil in the same garden world, and all of them at first 
incapable of maturing a seed. 

But beyond all others the field of geology becomes a 
marvelous center of new thot. When the hand that 
traces these lines shall have ceased to wield the pen 
what a tearing down there will be! The vast edifice 
built to the honor and glory of its immortal archite(?ts 

S2 



must Rive place to a strnclure that has Annular World 
Evolution as its eternal foundation. Strange as it is, 
it will be conceded that the fossil beds of thot afford 
the testimony that will lift the Old School strudture 
from its nethermost stone. Man saw the last remnants of 
the Earth's Rin^ System float as canopies anchord to 
the skies. He saw them sailing as Argoes of the gods, 
and the fallen gods testif3^ in the world's forum forever. 

If man saw canopy waters fall, the Old School Geol- 
ogy is wTong. If canopies weretheold world masters, 
they weretheold world builders. Certainly they went 
as fire-born waters from the molten earth. But aque- 
ous vapors were not the only fiery exhalations sent 
from the igneous earth to the lofty skies. Plutonic 
energy did not, because it could not, fill the terrestrial 
heavens with water vapors without storing them full 
of mineral and metalic distillations. In the fire mists 
born of inveterate heat mineral vapors arose and when 
the segregation of rings took place those mineral forms 
became no doubt the principle part of the annular world. 
I need not discuss this further than to say that every- 
thing that immeasurable heat could lift to the heavens 
helped to compose the ring system and its resultant 
canopies, and that they fell back to the earth all thru 
geologic time, aiding beyond all computation in the 
up building of the world strata; thai all such world 
materials fell more largely in polar lands, than else- 
where; that the last downfalls were more largely aque- 
ous than n)ineral; that all over the earth's face is found 
the debris and wreck of canopies as they were borne 
from the poles in flood and glacier and iceberg. 

The way marks of the Deluge, now that we have a 
philosophic cause for the flood, cannot longer lie re- 
fused recognition among intelligent observeis. The 
excavation of great canyons and the vast accumula- 

8:j 



tions of gravel and boulders, that no ordinary cause 
could produce, have now an explanation. It will be 
seen that much of the Bible becomes a record to be 
studied from a new angle — a record of what the hu- 
man race in its infancy saw and experienced — a picture 
of the heavens and earth of prehistoric man. 

Man stands today on the trembling verge of uncer- 
tainty. Many an idolized theory and ''well established 
fadl" has been found to need revision. New Thot isborn 
because Old Thot is incompetent and decrepit. NewThpt 
lures the impatient thinker and captivates the host be- 
cause Old Thot has been led by scholastic bigotry into 
the ditch. Glad thot that Annular students may res- 
cue the Old Thot from the grave of a forgotten envi- 
ronment in which our race was born and all its tenden- 
cies set! The Canopy idea is Old Thot awaking in a 
new world from the oblivion of buried centuries. 

Notp: 

I intended to say in connec'lion with mv remarks on 
the Serpent as the ancient Symbol of the "upper deep," 
that J have found the most positive proof that the 
Mound Builders and the Cliff Dwellers lived during 
the reign of the antediluvian canopv, and worshipped 
its Serpent spirit as their Deity. I have in mv posses- 
sion an accurate plaster cast of a stone tablet found in 
one of the cliffhouses of Colorado; the only one of the 
kind, I believe, ever found. Like the great Serpent 
mounds of Wisconsin and Ohio, it represents a serpent 
with many coils, in the a6l of devouring or hiding the 
Sun, and is an actual record of the canopy in its Sun- 
controlling attitude. In one corner of the tablet are 
hieroglyphic characters— three columnar forms, point- 
ing upward, as if declaring the meaning of the death- 
less legend of the Serpent and the vSun. 

S4 



APPENDIX II 



Professor Isaac Newton Vail 

Isaac Newton Vail, the author of the Annular-Canopy Hy- 
pothesis of World-Evolution as applied to the physical history 
of the Earth, and to the solution of the great problem of An- 
cient Mythology, was born Jan. 30th, 1840, of Quaker parents, 
John and Abigail (Edgerton) Vail, near the town of Lloyds- 
ville, Belmont County, Ohio. He was educated chiefly in the 
Quaker Seminary at Westtown, Chester County. Pa., and was 
employed for several years in that institution as an assistant 
teacher, and afterwards as one of the principals. The great- 
er part of his active life has been spent in independent geologic 
research, chiefly among the oil and coal fields of North Amer- 
ica. In this work he has secured at first hand a vast amount 
of information regarding the origin of oil and coal, and many 
of his discoveries have been pronounced by eminent thinkers 
to be of great importance in the final adjustment of many 
world-problems. 

At the age of 28 Prof. Vail began to lecture on the ' ' Annu- 
j lair Order of World-Growth," advocating the claim that the 
world-strata as he had found them, presented overtowering 
proof that they had been to a large extent deposited as the 
^rand wreck of Earth-Rings. With these discoveries as the 
basis of his deductions he formulated the Annular Theory. . . 

In 1874 Mr. Vail published his first book on the Ring Theory, 
entitled *'The Earth's Aqueous Ring," or 'The Deluge and 
I Its Cause. " ... 

In 1886 our author published 'Important Disclosures Con- 
iiiected with the Coal Problem." This was followed in the 
same year by the publication of 'The Earth's Annular Sys- 
tem. " These volumes presented for the first time many new 



ideas regarding the origin of the carbons and hydyo carbons, 
and the manner of their distribution in the earth's crust. In 
1895 he began the publication of the * 'Annular World/' a mag- 
azine of 24 pages, which was continued for four years, during 
which many important questions in Earth Evolution were dis- 
cussed with Annular-Canopy processes as the main feature. 
It was in this periodical that the '^Mythology Unveiled'' was 
published. In this effort it was shown that there was a vast 
amount of the oldest literature of the races saturated with 
thot which must have originated during the existence of a lin- 
gering Earth Canopy. One of the important features of this 
discussion was the ''North Polar Puzzle" found so prominent 
in old-world thot. It was during this period that the * 'Sky- 
Hole" of the North-world was discovered by Mr. Vail and 
made prominent in his publications 

Several of Prof. Vail's early publications have been revised, 
and new and enlarged editions issued. The "Deluge and Its 
Cause" has recently been enlarged . . . and published as "The 
Misread Record." The "Great Red Dragon," first published 
in 1893, has been re-written and enlarged to about 300 pages. 
A new edition, of 400 pages, of the "Earth's Annular Sys- 
tem" was published in 1902. 

Professor Vail was an active man at the age of 71. He was 
first married in the autumn of 1864 to Rachel D. Wilson, who 
died 12 years later, leaving two little girls, Alice and Lydia. 
These daughters are interested aids in the line of work of their 
father, who was married again in 1880, to Mary M. Cope. In 
1887 the family moved from Barnsville, Ohio, and settled in 
Pasadena, California. The daughters were also graduated at 
Westtown Seminary. Alice spent three years at Bryn-Mawr 
College and Lydia remained a few years as one of the West- 
town teachers. Th^y now live in California and are deeply in- 
terested in the exploitation of the doctrine of Annular and 
Canopy Evolution. 

S6 



Professor Vail lived in the intellectual, perfecting, moral 
and spiritual powers of his being and did not have as difficult 
a time to keep his appetites and passions under control as men 
have in whom the base of the brain is heavy and the top head 
deficient. To him life was real and earnest. He had serious 
business to perform in the world of nature and had not time 
to devote to the light and frivilous. The brain centers above 
the eyes were strong enuf to make him a good fact gatherer. 
His reasoning powers were strong enuf to classify well the 
facts. With him everything was put thru the crucible of rea- 
son. The first story of the brain was strong enuf to give force, 
energy, aggressiveness and courage. The second story was 
very well developt and shows strong, intellectual and artistic 
ability. The third story is very strong, indicating unusually 
strong moral and spiritual powers. Veneration is not indicat- 
ed as strong as spirituality. Here is a good combination of the 
idealist and the utilitarian. He had the courage of his convic- 
tions and advocated what he considered truth regardless of the 
opinion of others. In Prof. Vail there is a combination of the 
scientist, the artist, the philosopher, the teacher and the min- 
ister. He is a fundamental thinker and his discoveries are 
worthy of careful study and consideration. His solution of 
some perplexing problems of creation impress one as being 
sound and scientific, tho at variance with some of the theories 
taught in colleges. The writer recently read Professor Vail's 
book, 'The Misread Record", with an introduction by Dr. 
\ Parkyn, formerly editor of ''Suggestion'', and was very much 
imprest by the principles advocated in it. Every student of 
nature and religion should read that book. 

If a man leaves the crowd and discovers new truths that 
conflict with old, established ideas, some time is required to 
displace the false theories by the true principles. We are 
pleased to give space in the Character Builder to this searcher 
after truth and feel sure that all who read his books will be 

S7 



well paid for the time and effort. It is likely that when the 
discoveries of Isaac Newton Vail have been before the world 
as long as those of Isaac Newton, Prof. Vail will be as well 
known to the world as the man after whom he was named. Pi- 
oneers in the realm of thot and science do not usually have an 
easy road to travel. Humanity is still given too much to 
building monuments to the dead and letting the living bene- 
factors starve. A man like Prof. Vail will live forever thru 
his efforts for humanity as well as in his individual personali- 
ty. —Dr. John T. Miller, Editor Character Builder. 

Prof. Vail was a vigorous and original thinker and a pioneer 
in new realms of thot and research, and he received the recep- 
tion so often meted out to such by the world. It seems to me 
that Prof. Vail's work will be properly appreciated by the many 
at about the same time that Prof. To tten's efforts for the truth 
meet with an adequate reception. —Editor Our Race Quarterly. 

Prof. Vail was a man of keen intellect and strong individual- 
ity. His untiring industry and never satisfied thirst for knowl- 
edge led him ever onward in masterly research for the truths 
that lie beyond the grasp of ordinary minds. The heavens were 
to him a canopied chart from which he drank instruction as at 
wisdom's fountain, and the earth held no secrets he did not seek 
to fathom in the interest of science. . . . For nearly half a cen- 
tury he delved into the mysteries of the rock-ribbed sphere up- 
on which he trod, and to his clear, analytical mind every stra- 
tum was an open page— its vast gological formation a mighty 
volume, showing forth the eternal. With equal zeal he scanned 
the vaulted heavens, studied its constellations, . . . He robbed 
mythology of its mystery and lifted from each fabled story the 
hideous mask of superstition by the magic force of resistless 
logic. He gave to the world various useful volumes. His * 'Wa- 
ters Above the Firmament" will stand as his master-piece, a 
lasting monument to his life of joyous labor. —Pasadena Star. 

88 



Skc 



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Is unique, being the only periodical in the w oiid that carries an 
ANNULAR EVOLUTION DEPARTMENT 

regularly. From week to week it tells the Truth about Evolu- 
tion — as no other publication does. 
Alice Vail Holloway, a daughter of Professor Vail, says: 
"Your conduct of the Annular Evolution Department of THE 
EQUITIST has seemed to me to be very scholarly and satisfac- 
tory in every way." 

In it has been published some of Professor Vail's writings that 
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on this subject. 

Everyone interested in Annular Evolution should be a regular 
reader of THE EQUITIST. 

Everyone who would like to rid the world of superstition should 
subscribe for and circulate THE EQUITIST, for it is the ONLY 
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rect interpretation of ancient records— all of which have boen 
misread and misconstrued. Many current superstitions are 
based on that misreading and misconstruction. 

As you love the TRUTH, push THE EQUITIST. 

As its name implies, it is devoted to the spread of correct ide- 
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THE IDEAL COUNTRY 
AND HOW TO GET THERE 



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Bv W 


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'tJdiior of 


THE EQUITIST 




-%. 


(v'hfipter 1 


As Seen From Afar 


.> 


Where We Now Live 


8 


What Direction to Go 


4 


The Guide 


:> 


Tlie Interpreter 


() 


Which Trail to Take 


7 


An Old. Blind. Trail 


8 


Blazing a New Trail 


9 


Repairing an Old Trail 


10 


Going Thru the Junjiie 


11 


Taking Possession 


12 


An Invitalion 


Appendix I 


App(.Ddix 11 



'•* 1 



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